Goat milk in human nutrition
Goat milk in human nutrition
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DOI：
10.1016/j.smallrumres.2003.08.010
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发表时间：
2004-02-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Haenlein, GFW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Haenlein, GFW
羊奶及其酸奶、奶酪和奶粉产品在人类营养方面具有三重意义：（1）在发展中国家，比牛奶能够喂养更多饥饿和营养不良的人； (2) 治疗患有牛过敏和胃肠道疾病的人，这在发达国家的许多人口中是一个重要的群体；和牛奶巷（3）满足了鉴赏消费者的美食需求，这在许多发达国家的市场份额不断增长。关于（1），奶山羊的产奶量和泌乳时间的大幅提高，尤其是在发展中国家，必须通过更好的教育/推广、喂养和遗传学来实现。关于（2），很少有公正的医学研究来提供证据和宣传事实，但非常需要减少对山羊的歧视，并证实许多关于食用山羊奶的医疗益处的轶事经验，这些经验在贸易出版物和大众媒体中大量存在。山羊在解剖学、生理学和产品生物化学方面与绵羊和牛有许多独特的差异，这支持了奶山羊产品对人类营养的许多独特品质的争论。关于（3），一些国家（例如法国）开创了组织良好的羊奶生产、加工、营销、推广和研究行业，这创造了其他国家无法比拟的强大消费者客户群，但为了人类营养和羊奶生产商的普遍利益，非常值得效仿。羊奶独特品质的生理和生化事实鲜为人知，也很少被开发利用，尤其是羊奶中高含量的短链和中链脂肪酸，这些脂肪酸对于人类的许多失调和疾病具有公认的医学价值。定制食品以更好地满足人类需求的新概念迄今为止尚未应用于羊奶及其制品。否则，山羊黄油中短链和中链脂肪酸的丰富性，以及与牛奶相比更高的浓度，可能会成为一种有价值的消费品。此外，对人类饮食建议的修订承认某些必需脂肪对健康的益处，这也支持了推广山羊黄油的想法。虽然山羊酸奶、山羊奶酪和山羊奶粉在世界各地广受青睐，但山羊黄油在任何地方都没有大规模商业化生产。 (C) 2003 年，Elsevier B.V. 出版
Goat milk and its products of yoghurt, cheese and powder have three-fold significance in human nutrition: (1) feeding more starving and malnourished people in the developing world than from cow milk; (2) treating people afflicted with cow allergies and gastro-intestinal disorders, which is a significant segment in many populations of developed countries; and milk alleys (3) filling the gastronomic needs of connoisseur consumers, which is a growing market share in many developed countries. Concerning (1), very much improvement in milk yield and lactation length of dairy goats, especially in developing countries must be accomplished through better education/extension, feeding and genetics. Concerning (2), little unbiased medical research to provide evidence and promotional facts has been conducted, but is very much needed to reduce discrimination against goats and substantiate the many anecdotal experiences about the medical benefits from goat milk consumption, which abound in trade publications and the popular press. Goats have many unique differences in anatomy, physiology and product biochemistry from sheep and cattle, which supports the contention of many unique qualities of dairy goat products for human nutrition. Concerning (3), a few countries like France have pioneered a very well-organized industry of goat milk production, processing, marketing, promotion and research, which has created a strong consumer clientele like in no other country, but deserves very much to be copied for the general benefit to human nutrition and goat milk producers. The physiological and biochemical facts of the unique qualities of goat milk are just barely known and little exploited, especially not the high levels in goat milk of short and medium chain fatty acids, which have recognized medical values for many disorders and diseases of people. The new concept of tailor making foods to better fit human needs has not been applied to goat milk and its products so far. otherwise the enrichment of short and medium chain fatty acids in goat butter, and their greater concentration compared to cow butter, could have become a valued consumer item. Also revisions to human dietary recommendations towards admitting the health benefits of some essential fats supports the idea of promoting goat butter. While goat yoghurt, goat cheeses and goat milk powder are widely appreciated around the world, goat butter is not produced anywhere commercially in significant volume. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V.