Improved Precipitation Rates and Data Quality by Using Polarimetric Measurements
Improved Precipitation Rates and Data Quality by Using Polarimetric Measurements
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通过使用偏振测量提高降水率和数据质量
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发表时间：
2004
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通讯作者：
A. Illingworth
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作者：
A. Illingworth
由极化分集雷达提供的附加信息有可能消除在只有常规反射率（Z）和多普勒信息时存在的许多模糊性和不确定性。在本章中，我们强调在一个典型的1度波束宽度雷达和约六分之一秒的停留时间的业务环境中的应用，使它完成PPI每分钟，并提供降雨估计与2公里或更好的空间分辨率。Bringi和Chandrasekar（2001）最近出版了一本关于极化多普勒天气雷达的优秀且非常全面的书，我们建议读者参阅这本书以获取详细的推导和分析，我们将简单地引用这些推导和分析。从本质上讲，极化雷达提供的信息的形状和方向的雷达目标。在第5.2节中，我们定义了极化参数，总结了它们的应用，并讨论了估计它们的准确度的理论和实际限制。第5.3节综述了雨滴形状随大小的变化和典型的雨滴谱。下面的章节考虑如何利用极化雷达的形状和方向信息，该雷达可以发送和接收水平和垂直极化辐射，如Gekat等人（2003）所述，本书。
The additional information provided by polarisation-diversity radar has the potential to remove many of the ambiguities and uncertainties present when only the conventional reflectivity (Z) and Doppler information are available. In this chapter we emphasise the application in an operational environment with a typical one-degree beam-width radar and a dwell time of about one-sixth of a second, so that it completes a PPI every minute and provides rainfall estimates with a spatial resolution of 2 km or better. An excellent and very comprehensive book on polarimetric Doppler weather radar has recently appeared by Bringi and Chandrasekar (2001), and we refer the reader to this book for detailed derivations and analysis which we will simply quote. Essentially, polarimetric radar provides information on the shape and orientation of the radar targets. In Sect. 5.2, we define the polarisation parameters, summarise their applications and discuss the theoretical and practical limits to the accuracy with which they can be estimated. The variation of raindrop shape with size and the typical raindrop size spectra are reviewed in Sect. 5.3. The following sections consider how to exploit the shape and orientation information from a polarimetric radar which can transmit and receive horizontally and vertically polarised radiation, as described by Gekat et al. (2003), this book.