Social genetic and social environment effects on parental and helper care in a cooperatively breeding bird.
Social genetic and social environment effects on parental and helper care in a cooperatively breeding bird.
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2015.0689
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发表时间：
2015-07-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Hatchwell BJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Adams MJ;Robinson MR;Mannarelli ME;Hatchwell BJ
在社会背景下表达的表型不仅是个体的功能，也可以由社会伙伴的表型塑造。这些社会影响可能发挥重要作用，在合作育种的发展，如果社会合作伙伴不同的质量，他们提供的照顾，如果个人照顾者调整他们的努力，其他照顾者。在将社会效应模型应用于野外研究系统时，探索可能伪装成社会效应的个体可塑性的来源也很重要。我们研究了后代供应率的父母和帮手在野生种群的长尾山雀Aegithalos尾，使用定量遗传框架，以确定这些社会影响，并将其划分为遗传，永久环境和当前环境的组成部分。控制其他影响，个人是一致的，在他们的供应努力在一个给定的巢，但调整他们的努力的基础上，谁是在他们的社会群体，表明存在的社会影响。然而，这些社会影响在不同的年份和社会背景下有所不同，表明当前的环境影响，而不是遗传或永久的环境影响。虽然这项研究揭示了研究社会影响的环境和遗传来源的重要性，但我们提出的框架是完全通用的，能够更好地了解任何生态种群中潜在的重要社会影响。
Phenotypes expressed in a social context are not only a function of the individual, but can also be shaped by the phenotypes of social partners. These social effects may play a major role in the evolution of cooperative breeding if social partners differ in the quality of care they provide and if individual carers adjust their effort in relation to that of other carers. When applying social effects models to wild study systems, it is also important to explore sources of individual plasticity that could masquerade as social effects. We studied offspring provisioning rates of parents and helpers in a wild population of long-tailed tits Aegithalos caudatus using a quantitative genetic framework to identify these social effects and partition them into genetic, permanent environment and current environment components. Controlling for other effects, individuals were consistent in their provisioning effort at a given nest, but adjusted their effort based on who was in their social group, indicating the presence of social effects. However, these social effects differed between years and social contexts, indicating a current environment effect, rather than indicating a genetic or permanent environment effect. While this study reveals the importance of examining environmental and genetic sources of social effects, the framework we present is entirely general, enabling a greater understanding of potentially important social effects within any ecological population.