Protecting the Public's Health Through Successful Reentry for Sex Offender After Incarceration.
Protecting the Public's Health Through Successful Reentry for Sex Offender After Incarceration.
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DOI：
10.1177/08862605211016344
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发表时间：
2022-09
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
McInnes DK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simmons M;Kim B;Hyde J;Lemon TL;Scharer KE;McInnes DK
本文介绍了被判性犯罪的退伍军人的监禁后重返社会的经验，并确定潜在的干预措施，以减轻这一人口的重返社会。参与者是一个方便的样本，14名退伍军人谁是性犯罪者（SO）登记册和21个社区利益相关者参与支持人员在重新入境。受试者在马萨诸塞州通过雪球抽样有目的地确定。我们采用了半结构化的定性访谈的参与者，其次是分析，包括过程映射，以确定障碍和促进点。我们使用了一个接地的主题方法和先验代码，由弱势群体的行为模型的指导。我们发现，重返社会的障碍包括年龄较大，耻辱，缺乏社会支持，有关性犯罪水平的信息不足，有限的住房选择和获得心理健康治疗以减少性冲动，以及针对SO的重返社会信息。重返社会的促进因素包括获得SO治疗、服务知识、自我效能、自我倡导能力和社会支持。帮助成功重返社会的干预措施包括释放前咨询和针对SO需求量身定制的课程，重返社会规划，包括住房资源，性异常治疗，以及转介法律的咨询，以帮助改变分配的SO水平。退伍军人特有的具体需求和资源应纳入重返计划。被定罪的社会活动家往往缺乏信息和援助，无法为释放后的生活做好准备，这使他们面临无家可归、情绪困难和经济困难的风险增加。如果不认识到这一群体的独特需求，不利用资源，就会造成公共卫生风险，因为这会增加SO复发的可能性。作为SO的退伍军人可以通过退伍军人管理局获得独特的资源，如SO治疗和同行支持专家。然而，还有一些额外的步骤可能是有益的，例如及时提供信息，创造更多的治疗机会，并提供更多的住房选择。
This paper describes the post-incarceration reintegration experiences of military veterans convicted of sex offenses and identify potential interventions to ease reintegration for this population. Participants were a convenience sample of 14 veterans who were on sex offender (SO) registries and 21 community stakeholders involved in supporting persons during re-entry. Subjects were identified purposively and through snowball sampling, in Massachusetts. We employed semi-structured qualitative interviews of participants, followed by analysis including process mapping to identify barrier and facilitation points. We used both a grounded thematic approach and a priori codes, guided by the Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations. We found re-entry barriers include older age, stigma, lack of social support, inadequate information about sexual offense levels, limited housing options and access to mental health treatment to reduce sexual impulses, and re-entry information tailored to SOs. Re-entry facilitators include access to SO treatment, knowledge about services, self-efficacy, ability to self-advocate, and social support. Interventions to aid successful re-entry include pre-release counseling and classes tailored to SO needs, re-entry planning including housing resources, sexual deviance treatment, and referral to legal counseling to assist with altering assigned SO level. Specific needs and resources unique to veterans should be integrated into reentry plans. Convicted SOs often lack information and assistance to prepare for life after release, putting them at increased risk of homelessness, emotional difficulties, and financial hardship. Failure to recognize the unique needs of this population, and to leverage resources, creates a public health risk as it increases the likelihood that SOs will recidivate. Veterans who are SOs have unique resources available to them through the Veterans Administration such as SO treatment and peer-support specialists. Nevertheless there are additional steps that could be beneficial, such as timely provision of information, creating more opportunities for treatment, and providing more housing options.
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