Perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics
Perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics
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DOI：
10.1016/0370-1573(81)90036-3
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发表时间：
1981-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
E. Reya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Reya
从理论和现象学的角度对 QCD 的许多现代微扰方面进行了批判性的审查。本综述的第一部分致力于对主导对数求和的经典更正式方法：在简要讨论重正化理论的基本概念之后，我们回顾了重正化群及其对任何场论（渐近自由以及“不动点”理论）中有效（运行）耦合常数的预测。此外，使用深度非弹性散射的算子乘积展开，我们计算了结构函数的缩放违规，并展示了如何将这些结果与实验进行比较。此外，还讨论了部分子分布的动力学计算，以及 σL/σT、轻体产生中的射流和超导修正。然后，我们继续展示如何使用简单的微扰语言（Kogut-Susskind；Altarelli-Parisi）或通过求和部分子（Bethe-Salpeter）梯子来导出这些重正化组改进的结果。强调了部分子分布的 Q2 依赖性的普遍有效性（过程独立性），并讨论了它们从不可计算的非微扰部分（红外发散）的因式分解。后面的这些结果使我们能够对除深度非弹性散射之外的过程做出相当明确的预测，本综述的其余部分将专门讨论深度非弹性散射。详细讨论的硬散射过程包括轻子对的强子（Drell-Yan）产生及其横向动量、重夸克味道的强子产生、半包含过程和碎裂函数、高 pTractions 以及 e+e−湮灭中射流产生的一些最新主题和问题。
A large variety of modern perturbative aspects of QCD is critically reviewed from a theoretical as well as phenomenological point of view. The first part of this review is devoted to the classical more formal approach of summing leading logs: After a brief discussion of the basic concepts of renormalization theory, we review the renormalization group and its predictions for the effective (running) coupling constant in any field theory (asymptotic freedom as well as ‘fixed point’ theories). Using, in addition, the operator product expansion for deep inelastic scattering we calculate scaling violations of structure functions and show how to compare these results with experiment. Furthermore, dynamical calculations of parton distributions are discussed, as well as σL/σT, jets in leptoproduction and subleading corrections. We then proceed to show how these renormalization group improved results can be also derived using a simple perturbative language (Kogut-Susskind; Altarelli-Parisi) or by summing parton (Bethe-Salpeter) ladders. The universal validity (process independence) of the resultingQ2dependencies of parton distributions is emphasized and their factorization from the uncalculable non-perturbative piece (infrared divergences) is discussed. These latter results enable us to make rather unambiguous predictions for processes other than deep inelastic scattering, to which the remainder of this review is devoted. The hard scattering processes discussed indetail include hadronic (Drell-Yan) production of lepton pairs as well as their transverse momenta, the hadronic production of heavy quark flavors, semi-inclusive processes and fragmentation functions, high-pTreactions and some recent topics and problems of jet production in e+e−annihilation.