The bumblebees of North China (Apidae, Bombus Latreille)
The bumblebees of North China (Apidae, Bombus Latreille)
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DOI：
10.11646/zootaxa.3830.1.1
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发表时间：
2014-07-08
期刊：
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Williams, Paul H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
An, Jiandong;Huang, Jiaxing;Williams, Paul H.
熊蜂是野生花卉和农作物的重要传粉者。华北地区地貌和植被多样，有高原、平原、山地和沙漠，是世界上熊蜂多样性最大的热点地区之一。本文报道了2005-2012年对华北地区熊蜂的野外调查结果。21，636个熊蜂样本被分配到76个物种。在伦敦发现的一个较老的标本又为这个名单增加了一个物种。这77个物种代表熊蜂属的10个亚属。其中7种为华北新记录：B.（圣）Escherichia，B.（Th.）anachoreta，B.（Th.）pseudobaicalensis，B.（Th.）exil，B.（PS.）campestris，B.（Pr.）infirmus和B.（Ag.）validus。我们提供了雄性和雌性的识别码，常见颜色模式的照片，以及所有物种的分布图。我们描述了当地物种丰富度和丰度的变化，并列出了中国北方熊蜂的食物植物。最丰富的10种熊蜂是：B。（Ml.）Pyrosoma，B. B.（波。）lantschouensis，B.（波。）patagiatus，B.（圣）melanurus、黑尾拟步行虫B.（Sb.）sibiricus，B.（波。）Ignatia，B.（Th.）hedini，B. B.（Pr.）pesties，B.（毫克）trifasciatus和B.（毫克）长脚的熊蜂在华北地区分布广泛，从华北平原边缘的低海拔地区到青藏高原东部边缘的高海拔地区（65 - 4011 m）。物种丰富度以青藏高原东部高海拔草甸和甘肃西南部祁连山林区最高。记录的337种食用植物分属于49科，表明熊蜂在连接华北农业和自然生态系统中发挥着重要作用。
Bumblebees are important pollinators for wild flowers and agricultural crops. North China is a region of varied geomorphology and vegetation, with plateaus, plains, mountains and deserts, and is part of the greatest hotspot of bumblebee diversity worldwide. We report on a field survey of the bumblebees of North China made between 2005-2012. A sample of 21,636 bumblebee specimens are assigned to 76 species. One older specimen held in London added one more species to this list. Together, these 77 species represent 10 subgenera of the genus Bombus. Seven species are recorded from North China for the first time: B. (St.) distinguendus, B. (Th.) anachoreta, B. (Th.) pseudobaicalensis, B. (Th.) exil, B. (Ps.) campestris, B. (Pr.) infirmus and B. (Ag.) validus. We provide identification keys for both males and females, photographs of the common colour patterns, and distribution maps for all species. We describe variation in local species richness and abundance, and list the food plants used by bumblebees in North China. The most abundant 10 bumblebee species are: B. (Ml.) pyrosoma, B. (Bo.) lantschouensis, B. (Bo.) patagiatus, B. (St.) melanurus, B. (Sb.) sibiricus, B. (Bo.) ignitus, B. (Th.) hedini, B. (Pr.) picipes, B. (Mg.) trifasciatus and B. (Mg.) longipes. Bumblebees are distributed widely within North China, from low elevations near the edge of the North-China plain to high elevations at the edge of the east Qinghai-Tibetan plateau (65 4011 m). The highest species richness is found in meadows of the high elevation east Qinghai-Tibetan plateau and in forests of the Qilianshan mountains in southwestern Gansu. The 337 food plant species recorded here belong to 49 families, showing that bumblebees play an important role in interconnecting agricultural and natural ecosystems in North China.