Characteristics and possible functions of mitochondrial Ca(2+) transport mechanisms.

Characteristics and possible functions of mitochondrial Ca(2+) transport mechanisms.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.bbabio.2008.12.011
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发表时间:
2009-11
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Sheu, Shey-Shing
Sheu, Shey-Shing
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gunter, Thomas E.;Sheu, Shey-Shing

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线粒体利用电化学质子梯度产生的能量通过氧化磷酸化产生约92%的典型动物细胞中使用的ATP。线粒体内游离Ca ~(2+)浓度([Ca ~(2+)]m)已被发现是控制这种ATP产生速率的重要组成部分。此外,[Ca 2 +]m还控制线粒体内膜中大孔的开放,即渗透性转换孔(PTP),其在线粒体控制程序性细胞死亡或凋亡中起作用。因此,[Ca 2 +]m可以控制细胞是否有足够的ATP来完成其功能并存活或被判死亡。Ca 2+也是胞质溶胶中最重要的第二信使之一,通过Ca 2+脉冲或瞬变信号改变细胞反应。线粒体还可以从这些瞬变中隔离Ca 2+,以便改变Ca 2+信号瞬变的形状或控制它们在细胞内的位置。所有这些都是由四个或五个线粒体Ca 2+转运机制和PTP的作用控制的。这些机制的Ca 2+运输的特点,并讨论它们可能如何发挥作用,本文进行了描述。
Mitochondria produce around 92% of the ATP used in the typical animal cell by oxidative phosphorylation using energy from their electrochemical proton gradient. Intramitochondrial free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]m) has been found to be an important component of control of the rate of this ATP production. In addition, [Ca2+]m also controls the opening of a large pore in the inner mitochondrial membrane, the permeability transition pore (PTP), which plays a role in mitochondrial control of programmed cell death or apoptosis. Therefore, [Ca2+]m can control whether the cell has sufficient ATP to fulfill its functions and survive or is condemned to death. Ca2+ is also one of the most important second messengers within the cytosol, signaling changes in cellular response through Ca2+ pulses or transients. Mitochondria can also sequester Ca2+ from these transients so as to modify the shape of Ca2+ signaling transients or control their location within the cell. All of this is controlled by the action of four or five mitochondrial Ca2+ transport mechanisms and the PTP. The characteristics of these mechanisms of Ca2+ transport and a discussion of how they might function are described in this paper.
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