A functionally divergent SOC1 homolog improves soybean yield and latitudinal adaptation
A functionally divergent SOC1 homolog improves soybean yield and latitudinal adaptation
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功能上不同的 SOC1 同源物可提高大豆产量和纬度适应性
DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2022.02.046
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发表时间：
2022-04-25
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Kong, Fanjiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kou, Kun;Yang, Hui;Kong, Fanjiang
大豆（Glycine max）在广泛的纬度范围内生长，但它对光周期极其敏感，这降低了其产量和适应不同环境的能力。因此，了解大豆适应的遗传基础对于育种和改良具有重要意义。在这里，我们表征了在短日照和长日照条件下调节早期开花和生长习性的 Tof18 (SOC1a)。分子分析证实，大豆中存在的两个SOC1同源物（SOC1a和SOC1b）经历了进化功能分歧，由于转录差异，SOC1a对开花时间和茎节数量的影响比SOC1b更强。 soc1a soc1b 双突变体比任何一个单突变体表现出更强的功能效应，这可能是由于 SOC1a 和 SOC1b 同二聚体或异二聚体的形成。此外，Tof18/SOC1a 改善了栽培大豆的纬度适应性，凸显了 SOC1a 的功能重要性。 Tof18 G 等位基因有利于适应高纬度地区，而 Tof18(A) 则有利于适应低纬度地区。我们证明了 SOC1 通过与 FT 的相互调节有助于叶和茎尖的花诱导。 SOC1a-SOC1b-Dt2 复合物通过直接结合 Dt1 的调控序列，在茎生长习性中发挥重要作用，使编码这些蛋白质的基因成为基因组编辑的潜在目标，从而通过分子育种提高大豆产量。由于天然 Tof18(A) 等位基因增加节点数量，将该等位基因渗入现代品种可以提高产量，这将有助于在人口增长和全球变暖的情况下优化粮食生产的土地利用。
Soybean (Glycine max) grows in a wide range of latitudes, but it is extremely sensitive to photoperiod, which reduces its yield and ability to adapt to different environments. Therefore, understanding of the genetic basis of soybean adaptation is of great significance for breeding and improvement. Here, we characterized Tof18 (SOC1a) that conditions early flowering and growth habit under both short-day and long-day conditions. Molecular analysis confirmed that the two SOC1 homologs present in soybeans (SOC1a and SOC1b) underwent evolutionary functional divergence, with SOC1a having stronger effects on flowering time and stem node number than SOC1b due to transcriptional differences. soc1a soc1b double mutants showed stronger functional effects than either of the single mutants, perhaps due to the formation of SOC1a and SOC1b homodimers or heterodimers. Additionally, Tof18/SOC1a improves the latitudinal adaptation of cultivated soybeans, highlighting the functional importance of SOC1a. The Tof18 G allele facilitates adaptation to high latitudes, whereas Tof18(A) facilitates adaptation to low latitudes. We demonstrated that SOC1s contribute to floral induction in both leaves and shoot apex through inter-regulation with FTs. The SOC1a-SOC1b-Dt2 complex plays essential roles in stem growth habit by directly binding to the regulatory sequence of Dt1, making the genes encoding these proteins potential targets for genome editing to improve soybean yield via molecular breeding. Since the natural Tof18(A) allele increases node number, introgressing this allele into modern cultivars could improve yields, which would help optimize land use for food production in the face of population growth and global warming.