Alfaxalone alone or combined with midazolam or ketamine in dogs: intubation dose and select physiologic effects
Alfaxalone alone or combined with midazolam or ketamine in dogs: intubation dose and select physiologic effects
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.vaa.2017.01.004
复制
发表时间：
2017-07-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Wilson, Deborah V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Munoz, Kirk A.;Robertson, Sheilah A.;Wilson, Deborah V.
目的确定阿法沙酮单独使用或与咪达唑仑或氯胺酮合用对犬的插管剂量并选择生理效应。研究设计前瞻性临床研究。动物：53只健康的客户拥有的狗[平均+/-标准差(SD)]5.1+/-1.8岁，27+/-15.4公斤，计划进行选择性骨科手术。方法预先肌内注射乙酰丙嗪(0.02mg·kg(-1))和氢吗啡酮(0.1mg·kg(-1))，阿法沙酮(0.25mg) kg(-1))在15秒内静脉注射，然后立即给予0.9%盐水(AS)、咪达唑仑(0.3 mg kg(-1);AM)、氯胺酮(1 mg kg(-1);AK1)或氯胺酮(2 mg kg(-1);AK2)。根据需要额外给予阿法沙酮（0.25 mg kg(-1) 增量）以允许气管插管。记录呼吸暂停的发生率以及从插管到自主运动的时间。术前用药后 15 分钟、插管后以及此后 2、5、10 和 15 分钟记录心率 (HR) 和血压。在诱导前、插管后以及2、5、10和50分钟时采集血液用于测量血清葡萄糖和胰岛素浓度。通过裂区方差分析对组比较数量进行 Bonferroni 调整。 结果 气管插管所需的阿法沙酮 mg kg(-1) 剂量平均值 +/- SD 为 AS (1.0 +/- 0.4)、AM (0.4 +/- 0.2)、AK1 (0.5 +/- 0.3) 和 AK2 (0.5 +/- 0.4) （p=0.0005）。各组间心肺指标差异较小； AS 组的 HR 下降，而在其他组中，插管后 HR 短暂增加。 AS 中呼吸暂停的发生率为 54%，各组间无显着差异。咪达唑仑显着延长了从插管到自主运动的时间（p
Objective To determine the intubation dose and select physiologic effects of alfaxalone alone or in combination with midazolam or ketamine in dogs.Study design Prospective, clinical study. ANIMALS: Fifty-three healthy client-owned dogs [mean +/- standard deviation (SD)] 5.1 +/- 1.8 years, 27 +/- 15.4 kg, scheduled for elective orthopedic surgery.Methods After premedication with acepromazine (0.02 mg kg(-1)) and hydromorphone (0.1 mg kg(-1)) intramuscularly, alfaxalone (0.25 mg kg(-1)) was administered intravenously over 15 seconds followed immediately by 0.9% saline (AS), midazolam (0.3 mg kg(-1); AM), ketamine (1 mg kg(-1); AK1), or ketamine (2 mg kg(-1); AK2). Additional alfaxalone (0.25 mg kg(-1) increments) was administered as required to permit endotracheal intubation. The incidence of apnea and the time from intubation until spontaneous movement were recorded. Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure were recorded 15 minutes after premedication, after intubation and 2, 5, 10 and 15 minutes thereafter. Blood was collected for measurement of serum glucose and insulin concentrations before induction, after intubation and at 2, 5, 10 and 50 minutes. Data were analyzed by split-plot anova with Bonferroni adjustment for the number of group comparisons.Results Mean +/- SD alfaxalone mg kg(-1) doses required for endotracheal intubation were AS (1.0 +/- 0.4), AM (0.4 +/- 0.2), AK1 (0.5 +/- 0.3) and AK2 (0.5 +/- 0.4) (p=0.0005). Differences in cardiopulmonary variables among groups were minor; HR decreased in AS, while in other groups, HR increased transiently postintubation. Incidence of apnea in AS was 54% with no significant difference among groups. Midazolam significantly prolonged time from intubation until spontaneous movement (p