Telomeres: Linking stress and survival, ecology and evolution
Telomeres: Linking stress and survival, ecology and evolution
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DOI：
10.1093/czoolo/56.6.714
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Marchetto, Nicole M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haussmann, Mark F.;Marchetto, Nicole M.
端粒是真核细胞染色体末端的保护性结构。通过细胞分裂和氧化应激导致的端粒丢失与细胞衰老、生物生长和疾病有关。通过这种方式，端粒将分子和细胞机制与生物体过程联系起来，并可能解释一些重要的生活史特征的变异。在这里，我们讨论端粒生物学如何与生理生态学和生活史进化的研究有关。我们强调目前关于端粒如何与自然种群的生长、生存和寿命相关的知识。最后，我们考察了端粒和糖皮质激素应激反应之间有趣的新联系。糖皮质激素经常被用作生理状况的指标，有证据表明糖皮质激素应激反应是适应性的。我们认为，糖皮质激素影响生物生存的一种方式是通过增加氧化应激和端粒丢失。未来的工作需要在自然人群中建立和探索糖皮质激素应激反应和端粒缩短之间的联系。如果找到了联系，它就提供了一种解释机制，通过这种机制，环境扰动会影响生活史轨迹[当代动物学56(6)：714-727,2010]。
Telomeres are protective structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. The loss of telomeres through cell division and oxidative stress is related to cellular aging, organismal growth and disease. In this way, telomeres link molecular and cellular mechanisms with organismal processes, and may explain variation in a number of important life-history traits. Here, we discuss how telomere biology relates to the study of physiological ecology and life history evolution. We emphasize current knowledge on how telomeres may relate to growth, survival and lifespan in natural populations. We finish by examining interesting new connections between telomeres and the glucocorticoid stress response. Glucocorticoids are often employed as indices of physiological condition, and there is evidence that the glucocorticoid stress response is adaptive. We suggest that one way that glucocorticoids impact organismal survival is through elevated oxidative stress and telomere loss. Future work needs to establish and explore the link between the glucocorticoid stress response and telomere shortening in natural populations. If a link is found, it provides an explanatory mechanism by which environmental perturbation impacts life history trajectories [Current Zoology 56 (6): 714-727, 2010].