Past Successes and Future Challenges in Rural China's Human Capital
Past Successes and Future Challenges in Rural China's Human Capital
复制标题
中国农村人力资本过去的成功和未来的挑战
DOI：
10.1080/10670564.2019.1594102
复制
发表时间：
2019-03-28
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Rozelle, Scott
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bai, Yu;Zhang, Siqi;Rozelle, Scott
本文描述了中国目前的人力资本水平，并试图找出一些与教育相关的挑战，这些挑战可能会减缓中国经济从高收入国家向高收入国家的过渡。根据经合组织最近对世界其他地区的人口普查数据，以及2015年中国微观人口普查的数据，作者表明，中国劳动力的低教育水平确实是一个过去（20世纪70年代、80年代和90年代）的根源问题。近年来（自2000年以来），中国一直在大力投资教育，包括农村青年在内的年轻人上高中的比例不断上升。尽管最近做出了提高国家人力资本的努力，但教育系统在为所有年轻人提供高质量教育方面仍然面临着一些挑战。首先，政府必须想办法克服农村学生相对较低的高中入学率。其次，人们担心许多职业学校，特别是农村地区的职业学校，无法提供优质教育。最后，本文将表明，由于儿童早期发展结果不佳，许多农村学生可能没有做好准备。
This paper describes the current level of human capital in China and seeks to identify a number of education-related challenges that may slow down the nation's economy from transitioning to high-income status. Relying on recent census-based data from OECD for the rest of the world and using data from the 2015 Micro-Census for China, the authors show that the low levels of education of China's labour force is really a problem that has its roots in the past (in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s). In recent years (since 2000), China has been investing heavily in education as shown by the increasing the share of youth, including rural youth, attending high school. Despite this recent effort to raise the nation's human capital, the education system still faces several challenges in trying to provide high-quality education for all youth. First, the government must figure out a way to overcome the relatively low rates of participation in high school by rural students. Second, there is concern that many vocational schools, especially those in rural areas, cannot deliver quality education. Finally, the paper will show that many rural students may be unprepared due to poor early childhood development outcomes.