Self-administration of intravenous nicotine in male and female cigarette smokers
Self-administration of intravenous nicotine in male and female cigarette smokers
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.npp.1301460
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Mooney, Marc
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sofuoglu, Mehmet;Yoo, Sonah;Mooney, Marc
虽然尼古丁是烟草中主要的成瘾性化学物质，但很少有关于人类纯尼古丁自我给药的研究。本研究的目的是使用假定在吸烟平均摄入量范围内的尼古丁剂量，检测静脉（IV）尼古丁自我给药模型的参数。六名男性和四名女性吸烟者参加了一项双盲、安慰剂对照、交叉研究，该研究包括一次适应和三次实验。在每个实验阶段，受试者被随机分配到三种剂量的尼古丁（0.1，0.4或0.7 mg）中的一种。选择的最低尼古丁剂量0.1 mg约为一口香烟吸入尼古丁量的一半。在每个实验阶段，受试者首先采样分配的尼古丁剂量和安慰剂，然后有机会在尼古丁和安慰剂之间进行选择，在90分钟内总共有6个选择。在六种选择中，尼古丁选择的平均（SEM）数量为0.1 mg 3.0（0.48），0.4 mg 4.7（0.48）和0.7 mg 4.5（0.46），表明尼古丁剂量对尼古丁选择有显著影响。与安慰剂相比，0.4和0.7毫克尼古丁剂量（但不是0.1毫克）更受欢迎。这些更高的剂量也会导致心率、血压以及药物喜好和高等级的增加。总体而言，这些结果表明吸烟者选择0.4和0.7 mg尼古丁剂量而不是安慰剂。我们的模型可能是有用的行为和药理学操作对尼古丁自我管理在人类的影响进行评估。
Although nicotine is the main addictive chemical in tobacco, there have been few studies of pure nicotine self-administration in humans. The goal of this study was to test the parameters of an intravenous (IV) nicotine self-administration model using nicotine doses presumed to be within the range of those of average intake from cigarette smoking. Six male and four female smokers participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, which consisted of one adaptation and three experimental sessions. In each experimental session, subjects were randomly assigned to one of the three doses of nicotine (0.1, 0.4, or 0.7 mg). The lowest nicotine dose, 0.1 mg, was chosen to be approximately half the amount of nicotine inhaled from one puff of a cigarette. During each experimental session, subjects first sampled the assigned nicotine dose and placebo and then had the opportunity to choose between nicotine and placebo for a total of six choices over a 90-min period. Out of six options, the average (SEM) number of nicotine choices were 3.0 (0.48) for 0.1 mg, 4.7 (0.48) for 0.4 mg and 4.5 (0.46) for 0.7 mg, indicating a significant effect of nicotine dose on nicotine choice. Both the 0.4 and 0.7, but not the 0.1 mg, nicotine doses were preferred to placebo. These higher doses also produced increases in heart rate, blood pressure, and ratings of drug liking and high. Overall, these findings indicate that smokers chose both the 0.4 and the 0.7 mg nicotine doses over placebo. Our model may be useful in the evaluation of the effects of both behavioral and pharmacological manipulations on nicotine self-administration in humans.