Sensation seeking in females from opposite- versus same-sex twin pairs: hormone transfer or sibling imitation?
Sensation seeking in females from opposite- versus same-sex twin pairs: hormone transfer or sibling imitation?
复制标题
女性从异性与同性双胞胎中寻找感觉：激素转移还是兄弟姐妹模仿？
DOI：
10.1007/s10519-010-9416-3
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Martin,NicholasG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Slutske,WendyS;Bascom,EliseN;Meier,MadelineH;Medland,SarahE;Martin,NicholasG
本研究的目的是复制先前研究（Resnick et al. 1993）的结果，并通过检查产前暴露于雄激素与兄弟姐妹模仿作为感觉寻求水平组间差异的潜在原因的证据来扩展这些结果。参与者是澳大利亚双胞胎登记处的成员，他们参加了一个结构化的访谈研究，并完成了朱克曼感觉寻求量表。进行了三组组比较：（1）同性双生子中女性的感觉寻求得分（n= 1，947）与异性双胞胎对的女性（n= 564）进行了比较，（2）没有兄弟的同性双胞胎对的女性（n= 580）与有年龄相近的哥哥的同性女性（n= 300）进行了比较，（3）有一个年龄相近的哥哥的同性女性（n= 300）与来自异性双胞胎对的女性（n= 564）进行比较。异性双胞胎中的女性在体验寻求（d= 0.12）和刺激与冒险寻求（d= 0.10）子量表上的得分显著高于同性双胞胎中的女性，但在感觉寻求量表的无聊易感性（d=-0.01）或去抑制（d< 0.01）子量表上的得分并不显著。所获得的适度影响不能用有一个年龄相近的兄弟的心理社会影响来解释。考虑到这些影响以及经验寻求的感觉寻求量表中的总体性别差异，（d= 0.12 vs.d= 0.18）和刺激和冒险寻求（d= 0.10vs.d = 0.83）表明，产前雄激素可能在经验寻求人格特质的性别差异中起重要作用，而在刺激和冒险寻求人格特质中起较小作用;这项研究没有证据表明产前雄激素对解释无聊易感性或去抑制特征的性别差异很重要。
The aims of this study were to replicate the results of a previous study (Resnick et al. 1993) and to extend them by examining the evidence for prenatal exposure to androgens versus sibling imitation as a potential cause of group differences in levels of sensation seeking. Participants were members of the Australian Twin Registry who had participated in a structured interview study and completed the Zuckerman Sensation-Seeking Scale. Three sets of group comparisons were conducted: (1) the sensation seeking scores of females from same-sex twin pairs (n= 1,947) were compared to females from opposite-sex twin pairs (n= 564), (2) females from same-sex twin pairs without a brother (n= 580) were compared to same-sex females with a close-in-age older brother (n= 300), and (3) same-sex females who had a close-in-age older brother (n= 300) were compared to females from opposite-sex twin pairs (n= 564). Females from opposite-sex twin pairs obtained significantly higher scores than females from same-sex twin pairs on the experience-seeking (d= 0.12) and thrill and adventure seeking (d= 0.10) subscales, but not the boredom susceptibility (d= −0.01) or disinhibition (d< 0.01) subscales of the Sensation-Seeking Scale. The modest effects obtained could not be explained by the psychosocial effect of having a close-in-age brother. Considering these effects alongside the overall sex differences in the Sensation-Seeking Scales of experience-seeking (d= 0.12 vs.d= 0.18) and thrill and adventure-seeking (d= 0.10 vs.d= 0.83) suggests that prenatal androgens may actually play a large role in the sex difference in the personality trait of experience seeking, and a smaller role in thrill and adventure-seeking; there was no evidence from this study that prenatal androgens are important for explaining sex differences in the traits of boredom susceptibility or disinhibition.