Genetic uniformity and long‐distance clonal dispersal in the invasive androgenetic Corbicula clams
Genetic uniformity and long‐distance clonal dispersal in the invasive androgenetic Corbicula clams
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侵入性雄性遗传蚬的遗传一致性和长距离克隆扩散
DOI：
10.1111/mec.12912
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
K. Van Doninck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lise;Emilie Etoundi;D. Aldridge;Jonathan Marescaux;N. Yasuda;K. Van Doninck
文蛤属是研究生殖模式进化的一个有趣的模式系统，因为它包括有性和无性(雄激素)血统。虽然有性种群仅限于亚洲原生地区，但雄激素谱系也广泛分布于美洲和欧洲，在那里它们构成了一种主要的水生入侵害虫。我们通过世界范围内的抽样调查了本地和入侵河豚种群的遗传多样性。线粒体和核(微卫星)标记的使用表明，入侵种群的多样性极低，只有四个单一的遗传谱系分布在欧洲和美洲。相反，在本地种群中，有性谱系和雄生殖谱系都表现出更高的遗传多样性。值得注意的是，最丰富和分布最广泛的侵袭型，即分别在美国和欧洲发现的所谓的A型和R型，都固定在相同的单一COI(细胞色素c加氧酶亚基I)单倍型和相同的多位点基因。这表明，自20世纪80年代以来在欧洲观察到的形式R，直接源自自20世纪20年代以来在美国发现的形式A。此外，这种形式与一些日本人共享等位基因，表明这种侵入性血统起源于日本。最后，我们的研究表明，很少有雄生殖个体成功入侵非原生范围，然后无性系地分散。这是一个突出的遗传悖论案例，提出了遗传单一种群的入侵和进化成功的问题。
The clam genus Corbicula is an interesting model system to study the evolution of reproductive modes as it includes both sexual and asexual (androgenetic) lineages. While the sexual populations are restricted to the native Asian areas, the androgenetic lineages are widely distributed being also found in America and Europe where they form a major aquatic invasive pest. We investigated the genetic diversity of native and invasive Corbicula populations through a worldwide sampling. The use of mitochondrial and nuclear (microsatellite) markers revealed an extremely low diversity in the invasive populations with only four, undiversified, genetic lineages distributed across Europe and America. On the contrary, in the native populations, both sexual and androgenetic lineages exhibited much higher genetic diversity. Remarkably, the most abundant and widely distributed invasive forms, the so‐called form A and form R found in America and Europe respectively, are fixed for the same single COI (cytochrome c oxydase subunit I) haplotype and same multilocus genotype. This suggests that form R, observed in Europe since the 1980s, derived directly from form A found in America since the 1920s. In addition, this form shares alleles with some Japanese populations, indicating a Japanese origin for this invasive lineage. Finally, our study suggests that few androgenetic Corbicula individuals successfully invaded the non‐native range and then dispersed clonally. This is one striking case of genetic paradox raising the issue of invasive and evolutionary success of genetically undiversified populations.