Biological control of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica by Trichoderma harzianum
Biological control of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica by Trichoderma harzianum
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DOI：
10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.03.011
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发表时间：
2008-08-01
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Hadavi, N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sahebani, N.;Hadavi, N.
丝状真菌木霉（Trichoderma spp.）是目前开发的一种防治植物病原菌的生物制剂。最近的研究表明，这些真菌能够感染线虫卵和幼虫。在温室和室内试验中，研究了哈兹木霉BI对javanica根结线虫的生物防治作用。结果表明，不同浓度(10（2)~ 10(8)个芽孢/ml）的哈茨芽孢杆菌可显著降低线虫感染率及其他指标。该药剂能穿透线虫卵团基质，显著降低线虫卵的孵化率。抗性相关酶，即过氧化物酶（POX）、多酚氧化酶（PPO）和苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）的比活性显著升高。接种后5d、5d和6d分别观察到痘、PPO和PAL的最高活性。在小麦麸皮上用盐溶液润湿，并添加胶体几丁质或线虫卵，培养过滤液中几丁质酶活性也有所提高。几丁质酶在接种后第4天达到最高值，培养基中分别添加了胶体几丁质（1.15 U/min / ml）和线虫卵（0.85 U/min / ml）。结果表明，通过提高卵的胞外几丁质酶活性来直接寄生虫卵和诱导植物防御机制从而产生系统抗性是哈兹黑蝇对线虫的主要抑制机制。(C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd版权所有。
The filamentous fungi Trichoderma spp. is currently developed as biocontrol agents against many plant pathogens. Recent studies have shown that these fungi are able to infect nematode eggs and juveniles. In this research, biological control of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) by Trichoderma harzianum BI was investigated in greenhouse and laboratory experiments. Results showed that different concentrations (10(2)-10(8) spores/ml) of T. harzianum BI decreased nematode infection and other parameters significantly, compared to control. T harzianum BI was able to penetrate nematode egg mass matrix and significantly decreased nematode egg hatching level. Specific activities of resistance-related enzymes, namely peroxidase (POX), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) increased significantly in T. harzianum BI inoculated plants. Maximum activities of POX, PPO and PAL were observed at the 5, 5 and 6 days after inoculation, respectively. Chitinase activity was also increased in culture filtrates of T harzianum BI grown on wheat bran moistened with salt solution supplemented with colloidal chitin or nematode eggs. Maximum activity of chitinase was recorded at the 4 days after inoculation, in media supplemented with colloidal chitin (1.15 U/min per ml) and nematode eggs (0.85 U/min per ml). Results suggested that direct parasitism of eggs through the increase in extracellular chitinase activity, which would be indicator of eggs infection capability, and inducing plant defense mechanisms leading to systemic resistance are two main suppression mechanisms used by T harzianum BI against nematode. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.