Precision And Accuracy Of Pest And Pathogen Damage Assessment In Young Eucalypt Plantations
Precision And Accuracy Of Pest And Pathogen Damage Assessment In Young Eucalypt Plantations
复制标题
年轻桉树人工林害虫和病原体损害评估的精确度和准确度
DOI：
10.1007/s10661-005-8222-5
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发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Caroline Mohammed
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. H. Smith;E. Pinkard;Christine Stone;Michael Battaglia;Caroline Mohammed
真菌病原体、食草哺乳动物、鸟类、昆虫、营养缺乏、干旱、霜冻和涝渍都是对种植园物种的破坏性因素。随后叶子组织的损失或光合潜力的降低会减少生长并可能导致树木死亡。树冠损害指数 (CDI) 是澳大利亚制定的，用于量化年轻桉树种植园的损害。确定了树级损伤评估的准确性和精密度，以确保CDI方法的可靠性、客观性和可重复性。九名具有不同经验水平的评估员对三块地块（每块有 50 棵树）进行了评估，以了解评估昆虫（例如 Chrysophtharta spp.）和真菌病原体（例如 Mycosphaerella spp.）对蓝桉造成的损害的主观性。损害程度通过破坏性抽样来测量，以便能够在估计值和损害程度之间进行直接比较。最有经验的评估员提供最可重复的估计，并且通常是最准确的。叶坏死的发生率是最不具有主观性的测量指标，而落叶则是最主观且最不准确的测量指标。所有评估员，无论经验如何，都能够将皇冠损害指数（所有损害类别的综合指数）预测到测量损害水平的 12% 以内。
Fungal pathogens, browsing mammals, birds, insects, nutrient deficiencies, drought, frost and waterlogging are all damaging agents to plantation species. The subsequent loss in leaf tissue or reduced photosynthetic potential can reduce growth and potentially lead to tree death. The Crown Damage Index (CDI) was developed in Australia to quantify damage in young eucalypt plantations. The accuracy and precision of assessing damage at a tree level were determined to ensure the reliability, objectivity and repeatability of the CDI method. Nine assessors, with varying levels of experience, estimated damage on three plots of fifty trees each, to obtain an understanding of the subjectivity of assessing damage caused by insects (e.g. Chrysophtharta spp.) and fungal pathogens (e.g. Mycosphaerella spp.) on Eucalyptus globulus. Damage levels were measured by destructive sampling to enable direct comparisons between estimates and damage levels to be made. The most experienced assessors provided the most repeatable estimates and were generally the most accurate. The incidence of foliar necrosis was the least subjective measure while defoliation was the most subjective and the least accurate of the indices measured. All assessors, regardless of experience, were able to predict the Crown Damage Index (a combined index of all damage classes) to within 12% of measured damage levels.