Characteristics of Household Transmission of COVID-19
Characteristics of Household Transmission of COVID-19
复制标题
COVID-19 的家庭传播特征。
DOI：
10.1093/cid/ciaa450
复制
发表时间：
2020-10-15
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Chen, Jianying
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Wei;Zhang, Bo;Chen, Jianying
背景自2019年12月以来，SARS-CoV-2已扩展到中国大部分地区，超过80，000例，截至2020年3月15日，至少有100个国家超过60，000例国际病例。在这里，我们使用了一项家庭队列研究来确定COVID-19家庭传播的特征。共招募了105名索引患者和392名家庭接触者。采用RT-PCR方法对索引患者和家庭成员进行SARS-CoV-2检测。所有被招募人员的资料均取自医疗记录，并通过电话访谈予以确认或补充。描述了索引病例和接触患者的基线特征。计算SARS-CoV-2对接触者的二次感染率，估计家庭内传播的危险因素。在392名家庭接触者中，有64人（16.3%）发生了SARS-CoV-2的二次传播。儿童的继发性发作率为4%，而成人为17.1%。自症状出现以来，与自己隔离的指示患者的家庭内接触者的二次发病率为0%，而与未隔离的指示患者的接触者的二次发病率为16.9%。与家庭中其他成年成员相比，与指示病例的配偶接触者的二次发病率为27.8%，为17.3%。家庭内SARS冠状病毒二次感染率为16.3%。家庭接触者的年龄和与指示病例的配偶关系是家庭内传播SARS-CoV-2的危险因素。从症状出现起在家中隔离指示患者有助于防止SARS-Co-2在家庭内传播。
Background. Since December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has extended to most parts of China with >80 000 cases and to at least 100 countries with >60 000 international cases as of 15 March 2020. Here we used a household cohort study to determine the features of household transmission of COVID-19.Methods. A total of 105 index patients and 392 household contacts were enrolled. Both index patients and household members were tested by SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR. Information on all recruited individuals was extracted from medical records and confirmed or supplemented by telephone interviews. The baseline characteristics of index cases and contact patients were described. Secondary attack rates of SARS-CoV-2 to contact members were computed and the risk factors for transmission within the household were estimated.Results. Secondary transmission of SARS-CoV-2 developed in 64 of 392 household contacts (16.3%). The secondary attack rate to children was 4% compared with 17.1% for adults. The secondary attack rate to the contacts within the households with index patients quarantined by themselves since onset of symptoms was 0% compared with 16.9% for contacts without quarantined index patients. The secondary attack rate to contacts who were spouses of index cases was 27.8% compared with 17.3% for other adult members in the households.Conclusions. The secondary attack rate of SARS-CoV-2 in household is 16.3%. Age of household contacts and spousal relationship to the index case are risk factors for transmission of SARS-CoV-2 within a household. Quarantine of index patients at home since onset of symptoms is useful to prevent the transmission of SARS-Co-2 within a household.