Covariance modulates the effect of joint temperature and food variance on ectotherm life-history traits.

Covariance modulates the effect of joint temperature and food variance on ectotherm life-history traits.
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协方差调节关节温度和食物变化对变温动物生活史特征的影响

DOI:
10.1111/ele.12546
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Wacker A
Wacker A
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Koussoroplis AM;Wacker A

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了解动物在异质或可变环境中的表现是生态学的核心问题。我们将联合收割机建模和实验相结合,以测试温度和食物可用性的变化如何共同影响外温动物的生活史特征。该模型预测,随着平均温度远离外温动物的热最佳,联合热和食物方差的影响大小应该变得越来越敏感,他们的协方差。在最佳温度下,性能应该与食物-温度协方差呈正相关,而在最佳温度以上则相反。在较低温度下,协方差应该确定食物和温度变化与恒定条件相比是增加还是降低性能。比预测的更强,下面的热最佳的协方差效应实验证实了水生外温动物(大型蚤)暴露于昼夜食物和温度变化与不同数量的协方差。我们的研究结果对于理解外温对气候驱动的热平均值和方差变化的反应具有重要意义。
Understanding animal performance in heterogeneous or variable environments is a central question in ecology. We combine modelling and experiments to test how temperature and food availability variance jointly affect life‐history traits of ectotherms. The model predicts that as mean temperatures move away from the ectotherm's thermal optimum, the effect size of joint thermal and food variance should become increasingly sensitive to their covariance. Below the thermal optimum, performance should be positively correlated with food–temperature covariance and the opposite is predicted above it. At lower temperatures, covariance should determine whether food and temperature variance increases or decreases performance compared to constant conditions. Somewhat stronger than predicted, the covariance effect below the thermal optimum was confirmed experimentally on an aquatic ectotherm (Daphnia magna) exposed to diurnal food and temperature variance with different amounts of covariance. Our findings have important implications for understanding ectotherm responses to climate‐driven alterations of thermal mean and variance.
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