A matter of definition -: key elements identified in a discourse analysis of definitions of palliative care
A matter of definition -: key elements identified in a discourse analysis of definitions of palliative care
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DOI：
10.1177/0269216308089803
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Radbruch, L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pastrana, T.;Juenger, S.;Radbruch, L.
30多年来，人们一直使用“姑息治疗”一词。从一开始，这一术语的定义就经历了一系列的变化，因此其任务和目标也发生了变化。对于这一定义，人们仍然缺乏共识。本文的目的是分析专家文献中对姑息关怀的定义，并使用话语分析：定性方法来确定姑息关怀的关键要素。文献检索集中在万维网和英语和德语的医学参考书中对“姑息医学”和“姑息治疗”一词的定义。共确定和分析了37个英语定义和26个德语定义。我们的研究证实了所调查的术语缺乏一致的含义，反映了姑息治疗从业者对该领域性质的持续讨论。确定了几个共同的关键要素。从对姑息关怀定义的话语分析中得出了四个主要类别：目标群体、结构、任务和专业知识。此外，还讨论了姑息治疗的理论原则和目标，发现这些原则和目标是关键要素，主要目标是减轻和预防痛苦以及提高生活质量。所确定的关键要素有助于“姑息治疗”概念的定义。我们的研究证实了语义和伦理影响对姑息治疗的重要性，这一点应该在未来不同语言的语义研究中加以考虑。
For more than 30 years, the term "palliative care" has been used. From the outset, the term has undergone a series of transformations in its definitions and consequently in its tasks and goals. There remains a lack of consensus on a definition. The aim of this article is to analyse the definitions of palliative care in the specialist literature and to identify the key elements of palliative care using discourse analysis: a qualitative methodology. The literature search focused on definitions of the term 'palliative medicine' and 'palliative care' in the World Wide Web and medical reference books in English and German. A total of 37 English and 26 German definitions were identified and analysed. Our study confirmed the lack of a consistent meaning concerning the investigated terms, reflecting on-going discussion about the nature of the field among palliative care practitioners. Several common key elements were identified. Four main categories emerged from the discourse analysis of the definition of palliative care: target groups, structure, tasks and expertise. In addition, the theoretical principles and goals of palliative care were discussed and found to be key elements, with relief and prevention of suffering and improvement of quality of life as main goals. The identified key elements can contribute to the definition of the concept 'palliative care'. Our study confirms the importance of semantic and ethical influences on palliative care that should be considered in future research on semantics in different languages.