The mestizo gaze: visualizing racism, citizenship, and rights in neoliberal Mexico
The mestizo gaze: visualizing racism, citizenship, and rights in neoliberal Mexico
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混血儿凝视：新自由主义墨西哥的种族主义、公民身份和权利的可视化
DOI：
10.1080/01419870.2021.2021264
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Abeyamí Ortega Domínguez
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abeyamí Ortega Domínguez
摘要本文探讨了种族主义，公民身份和社会政治剥夺公民权的过程之间的联系，通过在新自由主义的墨西哥视觉实践表达。它引入了四个概念：“混血凝视”、“混血的视觉制度”、“一般的印第安人”和“种族印第安人”。这篇文章讲述了墨西哥议会和国家人权委员会对Ernestina Ascencio一案的管理，Ernestina Ascencio是一位只会说一种语言的纳瓦妇女，她在士兵残酷强奸后死亡。本文展示了梅斯蒂萨赫的统治体制如何塑造了代表政治，这种政治助长了国家对土著人民作为墨西哥人和墨西哥人的主体的否认。权利文章认为，在墨西哥，种族主义和公民身份作为连锁排斥系统，产生了一个种族化的特权和压迫制度，基于由mestizo凝视和mestizaje的视觉政权统治的可见性和不可见性的过程。
ABSTRACT This article explores the connections between racism, citizenship, and processes of socio-political disenfranchisement, as expressed through visual practices in neoliberal Mexico. It introduces four notions: “the mestizo gaze,” “the scopic regime of mestizaje,” “generic indigeneity,” and “racial indigeneity”. The article follows the management by the Mexican Parliament and the National Human Rights Commission of the case of Ernestina Ascencio, an elder monolingual Nahua woman who died after soldiers brutally raped her. Through the analysis of visual and other textual representations, the article shows how the scopic regime of mestizaje shapes the politics of representation that foster the State’s disavowal of indigenous people as Mexicans and as subjects of rights. The article argues that, in Mexico, racism and citizenship operate as interlocking exclusionary systems that produce a racialized regime of privilege and oppression, based on processes of visibility and invisibilization ruled by the mestizo gaze and the scopic regime of mestizaje.