Asian Americans and disproportionate exposure to carcinogenic hazardous air pollutants: A national study
Asian Americans and disproportionate exposure to carcinogenic hazardous air pollutants: A national study
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.05.042
复制
发表时间：
2017-07-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Morales, Danielle X.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grineski, Sara E.;Collins, Timothy W.;Morales, Danielle X.
研究表明，在美国黑人和西班牙裔居民密度高的社区，致癌危险空气污染物（HAP）的暴露程度不同。亚洲人是美国增长最快的种族/族裔群体，但他们在以前的环境健康和不公正的研究中一直受到重视。这项横断面研究使用国家空气毒性评估和美国人口普查数据，调查了亚裔美国人（包括美国所有50个州和哥伦比亚特区，n = 71，208个美国人口普查区）住宅暴露于致癌HAP的可能差异。在未经调整的分析中，华裔和韩裔美国人从HAP中经历最高的平均癌症风险，其次是黑人。在致癌性HAP风险方面，亚洲人群的总体排名略低于黑人，高于西班牙裔。调整社会经济地位，人口密度，城市位置和地理聚集的多变量模型显示，人口普查区域中亚洲居民比例的增加与HAP的癌症风险显着增加相关。与白人相比，中国、韩国和南亚居民比例较高（而不是比例较低）的社区癌症风险负担明显更大。讲非英语的亚洲人和在美国出生的亚洲人集中度较高的地区，癌症风险负担明显更大。在美国人口普查区和美国更普遍的情况下，亚裔美国人经历了大量的致癌HAP住宅暴露。(C)2017爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
Studies have demonstrated disparate exposures to carcinogenic hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) in neighborhoods with high densities of Black and Hispanic residents in the US. Asians are the fastest growing racial/ethnic group in the US, yet they have been underemphasized in previous studies of environmental health and injustice. This cross-sectional study investigated possible disparities in residential exposure to carcinogenic HAPs among Asian Americans, including Asian American subgroups in the US (including all 50 states and the District of Columbia, n = 71,208 US census tracts) using National Air Toxics Assessment and US Census data. In an unadjusted analysis, Chinese and Korean Americans experience the highest mean cancer risks from HAPs, followed by Blacks. The aggregated Asian category ranks just below Blacks and above Hispanics, in terms of carcinogenic HAP risk. Multivariate models adjusting for socioeconomic status, population density, urban location, and geographic clustering show that an increase in proportion of Asian residents in census tracts is associated with significantly greater cancer risk from HAPs. Neighborhoods with higher proportions (as opposed to lower proportions) of Chinese, Korean, and South Asian residents have significantly greater cancer risk burdens relative to Whites. Tracts with higher concentrations of Asians speaking a non-English language and Asians that are US-born have significantly greater cancer risk burdens. Asian Americans experience substantial residential exposure to carcinogenic HAPs in US census tracts and in the US more generally. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.