Coresidence with kin and subjective well-being in the transition to adulthood: A comparison of the United States, Germany, Japan and China
Coresidence with kin and subjective well-being in the transition to adulthood: A comparison of the United States, Germany, Japan and China
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DOI：
10.1177/2057150x20984864
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发表时间：
2021-01
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
B. Nauck;Q. Ren
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Nauck;Q. Ren
尽管成年期的居住模式是动态的，对主观幸福感有很大的影响，但实证研究很少，特别是在国际比较方面。在双线性、新地方性血缘关系文化中，在成年过渡期间的生活安排被规范地框定的方式，与在父系、父系地方性文化中被框定的方式非常不同。因此，独居、与父母同住、特别是与姻亲同住等生活安排应与不同文化的不同幸福程度相对应。基于面板数据(全国青少年纵向调查-NLSY97、德国亲密关系与家庭动态面板分析、日本生命历程面板调查和中国家庭面板研究)，我们分析了不同文化和时间段不同家庭结构家庭中20-35岁年轻人的主观幸福感水平。在独居或单亲家庭中，日本和中国的父系和父系亲属制度以及德国和美国的双系和新地方亲属制度之间的差异在中国和日本的年轻人的主观幸福感水平低于德国和美国时变得明显。德国和美国在主观幸福感方面的性别差异很大，年轻女性的幸福感水平比男性低得多，但在同居类型的差异方面不同，美国的同居类型高于德国。日本和中国的性别差异与生活在大家庭中有关，这导致年轻女性的主观幸福感水平非常低，而中国的影响很小。尽管在亲属关系制度、制度法规和机会结构上存在差异，但在所有四个国家，生活在生育核心家庭中的年轻人的主观幸福感都是最高的。
Although residence patterns during the transition to adulthood are dynamic and have a high influence on subjective well-being, empirical studies are scarce, especially with regard to international comparisons. The way living arrangements during the transition to adulthood are normatively framed in bilinear, neolocal kinship cultures is very different from the way they are framed in patrilineal, patrilocal cultures. Thus, living arrangements such as living alone, living with parents and especially living with in-laws should correspond to varying levels of well-being depending on the culture. Based on panel data (National Longitudinal Survey of Youth – NLSY97, German Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics, Japanese Life Course Panel Survey and China Family Panel Studies), we analyzed the levels of subjective well-being of young adults aged 20–35 in households of varying family composition across cultures and over time. Differences between patrilineal, patrilocal kinship systems in Japan and China and bilineal, neolocal kinship systems in Germany and the United States became evident in lower levels of subjective well-being of young adults in China and Japan than in Germany and the United States, when living alone or in single-parent families. Germany and the United States were similar in their strong gender differences in subjective well-being, with young women showing a much lower level than men, but differed with regard to the variation by coresidence type, which was higher in the United States than in Germany. Gender differences in Japan and China were related to living in extended households, which resulted in very low levels of subjective well-being for young women, whereas the impact was small in China. Despite the differences in kinship systems, institutional regulations, and opportunity structures, living in a nuclear family of procreation was associated with the highest level of subjective well-being for young men and women in all four countries.