MORPHOLOGY OF IMMOBILIZED SKELETAL-MUSCLE AND THE EFFECTS OF A PREIMMOBILIZATION AND POSTIMMOBILIZATION TRAINING-PROGRAM
MORPHOLOGY OF IMMOBILIZED SKELETAL-MUSCLE AND THE EFFECTS OF A PREIMMOBILIZATION AND POSTIMMOBILIZATION TRAINING-PROGRAM
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DOI：
10.1055/s-2008-1025726
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发表时间：
1986-02-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
APPELL, HJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
APPELL, HJ
用石膏石膏固定小鼠后肢不同时间，通过测量纤维横截面观察胫前肌的萎缩情况。在第二系列实验中，小鼠在固定之前和之后在跑步机上进行训练。最显著的纤维直径减少发生在第一周；在长时间的制动期间，只发生了中度萎缩。研究发现，红色纤维比白色纤维更容易发生固定性萎缩。超微结构观察到肌原纤维、线粒体和肌小管系统的丢失和碎裂。一些纤维断裂，出现节段性坏死，随后白细胞侵入肌肉。在固定状态下，肌肉仍然表现出再生能力；卫星细胞分化为成肌细胞，成肌细胞融合成肌管，成为新肌肉纤维的前体。在固定的第一周就已经观察到了这一点。制动后的训练效果是通过增加纤维直径来记录的。然而，这些肌肉的超微结构改变是严重的；结论是，动员后的训练必须非常仔细地进行。当肌肉在制动前进行训练时，萎缩几乎可以忽略不计。制动前的训练可能可以防止肌肉严重萎缩。
The hind limbs of mice were immobilized with plaster cast for different periods of time, and the atrophy of the anterior tibial muscle was examined by measuring fiber cross sections. In a second series of experiments, mice were trained on a treadmill before and after immobilization. The most pronounced decrease in fiber diameters was observed during the 1st week; during prolonged immobilization, only a moderate atrophy occurred. Red fibers were found to be more susceptible to immobilization atrophy than white fibers. The ultrastructural observations extended to loss and fragmentation of myofibrils, mitochondria, and the sarcotubular system. Some fibers split and appeared to undergo segmental necrosis, which was followed by invasion of leucocytes into the muscle. Still while immobilized, the muscles exhibited a regenerative capacity; satellite cells differentiated to myoblasts, which fused to myotubes, being the precursors of new muscle fibers. This was already observed during the 1st week of immobilization. The effect of training after immobilization was documented by an increase of fiber diameters. The ultrastructural alterations, however, in these muscles were severe; it was concluded that a postimmobilization training has to be undertaken very carefully. When the muscles were trained before immobilization, the atrophy was almost negligible. A preimmobilization training can probably prevent the muscle from developing severe atrophy.