The anterior cingulate cortex - The evolution of an interface between emotion and cognition
The anterior cingulate cortex - The evolution of an interface between emotion and cognition
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03476.x
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hof, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allman, JM;Hakeem, A;Hof, P
我们认为前扣带皮层是新皮层的一个特化，而不是皮层进化的一个更原始的阶段。智能行为的核心功能，即情绪自我控制、专注的问题解决、错误识别和对变化的条件的适应性反应，在这个结构中与情绪并列。通过单神经元记录、电刺激、EEG、PET、fMRI和损伤研究，已经积累了前扣带皮层在这些功能中发挥重要作用的证据。前扣带皮层包含一类纺锤形神经元，这种神经元只存在于人类和类人猿中，因此可能是最近进化的特化，与这些功能有关。梭形细胞似乎与大脑的不同部位有着广泛的联系，并且可能在协调中发挥作用，这对于发展专注于困难问题的能力至关重要。此外，它们在出生后出现，它们的生存可能会因丰富或压力的环境条件而增强或减少，从而可能影响成年人的情感自我控制和解决问题能力的能力或功能障碍。
We propose that the anterior cingulate cortex is a specialization of neocortex rather than a more primitive stage of cortical evolution. Functions central to intelligent behavior, that is, emotional self-control, focused problem solving, error recognition, and adaptive response to changing conditions, are juxtaposed with the emotions in this structure. Evidence of an important role for the anterior cingulate cortex in these functions has accumulated through single-neuron recording, electrical stimulation, EEG, PET, fMRI, and lesion studies. The anterior cingulate cortex contains a class of spindle-shaped neurons that are found only in humans and the great apes, and thus are a recent evolutionary specialization probably related to these functions. The spindle cells appear to be widely connected with diverse parts of the brain and may have a role in the coordination that would be essential in developing the capacity to focus on difficult problems. Furthermore, they emerge postnatally and their survival may be enhanced or reduced by environmental conditions of enrichment or stress, thus potentially influencing adult competence or dysfunction in emotional self-control and problem-solving capacity.