Insufficient Evidence of Jatropha curcas L. Invasiveness: Experimental Observations in Burkina Faso, West Africa
Insufficient Evidence of Jatropha curcas L. Invasiveness: Experimental Observations in Burkina Faso, West Africa
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DOI：
10.1007/s12155-014-9544-3
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Muys，Bart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Negussie，Aklilu;Nacro，Souleymane;Muys，Bart
生物燃料植物，如麻风树 (Jatropica curcasL)。如果风险和不确定性最小化，就有潜力支持农村社区的生计并为非洲可持续农村发展做出贡献。然而，最近的论文警告说，由于引进外来生物燃料作物，这些热带地区存在生物入侵的风险。我们研究了两者的种子传播风险和入侵潜力。布基纳法索西西里省的麻疯树单一栽培种植园和活围栏进入邻近的耕地和未耕地利用系统。通过（i）检测周围自然再生的证据来评估入侵潜力。麻疯树种植和活栅栏，(ii) 评估种子传播机制，以及 (iii) 评估通过原位直接种子播种育苗的潜力。这三个地点种植园周边的自发再生率非常低。单苗密度约为J．所有地点的麻疯树栅栏面积均小于 0.01 m−2。 70% 的幼苗是在活栅栏附近发现的，其中大多数来自同一年 (96%)，这表明种子库寿命和幼苗存活率较低。麻疯树可以通过小型哺乳动物和节肢动物，特别是啮齿动物和蚂蚁来传播。在一些地点，例如 Onliassan，记录了动物的二次种子传播程度（高达 98%）。土壤表面种子 (11%) 和人工埋藏在 1-2 厘米深度的种子 (64%) 之间的发芽率存在显着差异。总之，我们未能找到令人信服的 J 传播证据。对周围环境产生重大影响。
Biofuel plants such asJatropha curcasL. have potential to support the livelihoods of rural communities and contribute to sustainable rural development in Africa, if risks and uncertainties are minimized. Yet, recent papers have warned of the risk of biological invasions in such tropical regions as a consequence of the introduction of exotic biofuel crops. We investigated the seed dispersal risk and invasiveness potential of bothJ. curcasmonoculture plantations and live fences into adjacent cultivated and uncultivated land use systems in Sissili province, Burkina Faso. Invasiveness potential was assessed through (i) detecting evidence of natural regeneration in perimeters aroundJ. curcasplantations and live fences, (ii) assessing seed dispersal mechanisms, and (iii) assessing seedling establishment potential through in situ direct seed sowing. Spontaneous regeneration around the plantation perimeters of the three sites was very low. Individual seedling density aroundJ. curcaslive fences was less than 0.01 m−2in all sites. Seventy percent of the seedlings were found close to the live fence and most of them derived from the same year (96 %), which indicates low seed-bank longevity and seedling survival.J. curcascan be dispersed by small mammals and arthropods, particularly rodents and ants. In some sites, such as in Onliassan, high secondary seed dispersal by animals (up to 98 %) was recorded. There were highly significant differences in germination rates between seeds at the soil surface (11 %) and those buried artificially at 1–2-cm depth (64 %). In conclusion, we failed to find convincing evidence of the spreading ofJ. curcasor any significant impact on the surrounding environment.