Geographic and sociodemographic variation in self-reported seat belt use in the United States
Geographic and sociodemographic variation in self-reported seat belt use in the United States
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aap.2009.12.014
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发表时间：
2010-07-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Balluz, Lina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Strine, Tara W.;Beck, Laurie F.;Balluz, Lina
背景：有了新的数据，我们试图更新各州、地区和农村/城市状况的自我报告安全带使用情况的现有文献，并估计安全带使用与安全带法律类型和其他几个因素调整后的农村/城市状况之间的关联强度。方法：我们使用2008年行为风险因素监测系统（一项基于各州的随机数字拨号电话调查）检查了来自50个州、哥伦比亚特区和三个地区的自我报告使用安全带的数据（n = 406,552）。报告的安全带使用情况由各州、美国人口普查区和美国农业部（USDA）农村/城市连续代码进行评估。结果：总体而言，85%的美国成年人报告说他们总是使用安全带。从地区来看，西部地区报告说他们总是系安全带的人的患病率最高（89.6%），中西部地区最低（80.4%）。与次要法律或没有法律的州相比，有主要安全带法律的州报告的安全带使用率最高。在对各种社会人口特征、体重指数和安全带法律类型进行调整后，人口最密集的大都市地区的人比人口最稀少的农村地区的人更有可能报告总是系安全带（调整后的优势比=2.9）。结论：我们的研究结果加强了安全带主要执法法对增加安全带使用的有效性的证据，并表明升级为主要执法法将是减少农村地区撞车相关死亡人数的重要策略。Elsevier Ltd.出版。
Background: With new data available, we sought to update existing literature on the prevalence of self-reported seat belt use by state, region, and rural/urban status and to estimate the strength of the association between seat belt use and rural/urban status adjusted for type of seat belt law and several other factors.Methods: We examined data on self-reported use of seat belts from 50 states, the District of Columbia, and three territories using the 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a state-based random-digit-dialed telephone survey (n = 406,552). Reported seat belt use was assessed by state, U.S. Census regions, and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) rural/urban continuum codes.Results: Overall, 85% of adults in the United States reported they always used seat belts. Regionally, the West had the highest prevalence of persons who reported that they always wear seat belts (89.6%) and the Midwest had the lowest (80.4%). States with primary seat belt laws had the highest prevalence of reported seat belt use, compared with states with secondary or no laws. After adjusting for various sociodemographic characteristics, body mass index, and type of seat belt law, persons in the most densely populated metropolitan areas were significantly more likely to report always wearing seat belts than those in most sparsely populated rural areas (adjusted odds ratio=2.9).Conclusion: Our findings reinforce the evidence that primary enforcement seat belt laws are effective for increasing seat belt use, and suggest that upgrading to primary enforcement laws will be an important strategy for reducing crash-related fatalities in rural areas. Published by Elsevier Ltd.