Addressing intravaginal practices in women with HIV and at-risk for HIV infection, a mixed methods pilot study
Addressing intravaginal practices in women with HIV and at-risk for HIV infection, a mixed methods pilot study
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DOI：
10.2147/ijwh.s125883
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Weiss, Stephen M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alcaide, Maria L.;Rodriguez, Violeta J.;Weiss, Stephen M.
阴道内操作（IVPs），包括阴道内清洁（清洁阴道内部）或出于卫生、健康或性原因在阴道内插入产品。IVPs与不利的女性健康结果、细菌性阴道病的发展、艾滋病毒的获取和传播有关。本研究采用混合方法，在美国迈阿密这个性传播感染（STIs）和艾滋病毒数量不断增加的城市，对感染或有风险的少数族裔（非裔美国人和西班牙裔）妇女样本进行IVP的流行情况、参与原因和对IVP的看法进行了调查。对感染或未感染艾滋病毒的妇女进行了三个焦点小组（共20人）和定量评估（72人）。在定性评估中，大多数妇女报告进行阴道内清洁和阴道内插入，并表示IVP的主要动机是卫生。定量评估证实，在感染艾滋病毒和未感染艾滋病毒的妇女中，仅用水、用水肥皂或使用商业灌洗液进行清洁以及用布或抹布插入阴道是很常见的。感染艾滋病毒的妇女报告说，她们较少使用水以及水和肥皂进行体外注射，并报告从她们的艾滋病毒保健提供者那里了解了体外注射的潜在危害。尽管存在健康风险，但IVP在艾滋病毒感染和高危少数民族妇女中都很常见，降低IVP的干预措施可能对IVP、性传播感染和艾滋病毒高发人群具有重要的健康影响。
Intravaginal practices (IVPs), include intravaginal cleansing (cleansing the inside of the vagina) or intravaginal insertion of products for hygiene, health or sexuality reasons. IVPs are associated with adverse female health outcomes, development of bacterial vaginosis, HIV acquisition and transmission. A mixed methods approach was used in this study to examine the prevalence of IVP, assess reasons for engagement, and perceptions of IVP among a sample of minority (African-American and Hispanic) women infected, or at-risk, for HIV in Miami, USA, a city with increasing numbers of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV. Three focus groups (total n=20) and quantitative assessments (n=72) were conducted with women infected or uninfected with HIV. In the qualitative assessments, most women reported engaging in both intravaginal cleansing and intravaginal insertion, and stated the main motivation for IVP was hygiene. The quantitative assessments confirmed that cleansing with water alone, soap with water or using commercial douches was common, as well as intravaginal insertion using a cloth or a rag in both HIV-infected and uninfected women. Women with HIV infection reported less use of water and water and soap for IVPs, and reported learning about the potential harm of IVP from their HIV health care providers. Despite their health risks, IVP appeared common in both HIV-infected and at-risk minority women, and interventions to decrease IVP could have important health implications among populations with high rates of IVP, STIs and HIV.