Indo-Pacific Warm Pool variability during the Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum
Indo-Pacific Warm Pool variability during the Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum
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DOI：
10.1029/2010pa001934
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发表时间：
2010-12
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Andersen, Nils
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu, Jian;Kuhnt, Wolfgang;Holbourn, Ann;Regenberg, Marcus;Andersen, Nils
本文测定了生活在地表的浮游有孔虫Globigerinoides ruber（白色s.s.）和温跃层居民Pulleniatina pullenioculata研究印度洋-太平洋暖池（IPWP）的上层海洋空间变化。我们集中在三个关键的时间间隔：末次盛冰期（LGM; 18-21.5 ka），早全新世（8-9 ka），晚全新世（0-2 ka）。我们的记录，从24个站在中国南海，帝汶海，印度尼西亚海，和西太平洋的整体干燥和凉爽的条件下，在IPWP在末次盛冰期的表面和温跃层沃茨之间的热梯度低。在全新世早期，整个地区的海面温度上升了约3摄氏度，表明IPWP的加强。然而，在东印度洋（帝汶海），温跃层逐渐变浅，从末次盛冰期到全新世早期，反映了地下印度尼西亚的洋流（ITF）的加强。全新世南海表层盐度的增加与亚洲大陆季风雨带的北移有关，同时也与通过吕宋海峡和通过爪哇海的淡水输出增加的太平洋表层海水的流入有关。开放的淡水门户通过爪哇海在全新世早期导致的变化，在垂直结构的ITF从表面的温跃层为主的流量和帝汶海温跃层沃茨大幅淡化。
We measured oxygen isotopes and Mg/Ca ratios in the surface-dwelling planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber (white s.s.) and the thermocline dweller Pulleniatina obliquiloculata to investigate upper ocean spatial variability in the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP). We focused on three critical time intervals: the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 18-21.5 ka), the early Holocene (8-9 ka), and the late Holocene (0-2 ka). Our records from 24 stations in the South China Sea, Timor Sea, Indonesian seas, and western Pacific indicate overall dry and cool conditions in the IPWP during the LGM with a low thermal gradient between surface and thermocline waters. During the early Holocene, sea surface temperatures increased by similar to 3 degrees C over the entire region, indicating intensification of the IPWP. However, in the eastern Indian Ocean (Timor Sea), the thermocline gradually shoaled from the LGM to early Holocene, reflecting intensification of the subsurface Indonesian Throughflow (ITF). Increased surface salinity in the South China Sea during the Holocene appears related to northward displacement of the monsoonal rain belt over the Asian continent together with enhanced influx of saltier Pacific surface water through the Luzon Strait and freshwater export through the Java Sea. Opening of the freshwater portal through the Java Sea in the early Holocene led to a change in the vertical structure of the ITF from surface- to thermocline-dominated flow and to substantial freshening of Timor Sea thermocline waters.
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