Why do infants make A not B errors in a search task, yet show memory for the location of hidden objects in a nonsearch task?
Why do infants make A not B errors in a search task, yet show memory for the location of hidden objects in a nonsearch task?
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DOI：
10.1037/0012-1649.34.3.441
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发表时间：
1998-05-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Ruffman, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahmed, A;Ruffman, T
在4个实验中，8至12个月的婴儿被测试的A非B搜索任务，和非搜索的A也没有B任务后，违反期望范式。还进行了1个位置任务和2个控制任务。在非搜索任务中，一个玩具被藏在A中，移动到B，并在A（不可能）或B（可能）的延迟后取回。结果显示，婴儿对不可能的事件的注视时间明显延长，这表明婴儿对物体藏在哪里有一定的记忆，并对应该在哪里找到物体有一定的期望。这种效应发生在婴儿在搜索时犯了A而不是B错误的延迟，以及15秒的更长延迟。结果清楚地表明，婴儿对物体的位置有一定的记忆，即使在他们搜索错误位置的延迟。讨论集中在如何在A而不是B错误的解释中解释这些结果。
In 4 experiments, infants aged 8 to 12 months were tested on A not B search tasks, and nonsearch A nor B tasks following the violation-of-expectation paradigm. A 1-location task and 2 control tasks were also conducted. In the nonsearch tasks, a toy was hidden in A, moved to B, and retrieved after a delay from either A (impossible) or B (possible). Results showed significantly longer looking times at impossible events, indicating some memory for where the object was hidden and an expectation of where it should be found. This effect occurred at delays at which infants made the A not B error when searching, and at a longer delay of 15 s. The results showed clearly that infants have some memory for the object's location, even at delays at which they search at the incorrect location. Discussion centers on how these results are accounted for within explanations of the A not B error.