The use of volunteer interpreters during the 201 0 Haiti earthquake: lessons learned from the USNS COMFORT Operation Unified Response Haiti.
The use of volunteer interpreters during the 201 0 Haiti earthquake: lessons learned from the USNS COMFORT Operation Unified Response Haiti.
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201 0 海地地震期间志愿口译员的使用：从美国海军舰艇舒适行动统一响应海地行动中汲取的经验教训。
DOI：
10.5055/ajdm.2012.0079
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Claire Pagliara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Powell;Claire Pagliara
2010年1月12日，一场里氏7.0级地震摧毁了海地，引发了60年来世界上最大规模的人道主义救援行动。这场灾难导致大量房屋和建筑物被毁，20多万人丧生，并使东道国的应对措施及其公共卫生基础设施不堪重负。在众多响应国中，美国政府立即采取行动，向海地提供援助，包括一艘作为三级医疗中心的海军医院船USNS COMFORT。为了充分应对病人的迫切需求，美国海军安慰号上的医疗保健专业人员依靠由美国红十字会（ARC）招募的讲克里奥尔语的海地志愿者。这些志愿者补充船上讲克里奥尔语的全职军事人员。ARC提供了78名志愿者，每个人都能在船上服务4周。志愿者的年龄、性别、语言技能、工作背景和先前的人道主义援助经验等人口统计数据各不相同。志愿人员的努力在协助手术知情同意、家庭团聚进程、解释诊断和治疗、安慰处于悲痛和死亡不同阶段的病人和家属以及帮助保健专业人员了解海地特有的文化背景和敏感性方面至关重要。本文探讨了在海地地震救灾中使用志愿口译员的主要经验教训，并强调了在这种情况下优化志愿服务的方法，这些方法可能适用于未来类似的事件。
On January 12, 2010, a 7.0 magnitude Richter earthquake devastated Haiti, leading to the world's largest humanitarian effort in 60 years. The catastrophe led to massive destruction of homes and buildings, the loss of more than 200,000 lives, and overwhelmed the host nation response and its public health infrastructure. Among the many responders, the United States Government acted immediately by sending assistance to Haiti including a naval hospital ship as a tertiary care medical center, the USNS COMFORT. To adequately respond to the acute needs of patients, healthcare professionals on the USNS COMFORT relied on Haitian Creole-speaking volunteers who were recruited by the American Red Cross (ARC). These volunteers complemented full-time Creole-speaking military staff on board. The ARC provided 78 volunteers who were each able to serve up to 4 weeks on board. Volunteers' demographics, such as age and gender, as well as linguistic skills, work background, and prior humanitarian assistance experience varied. Volunteer efforts were critical in assisting with informed consent for surgery, family reunification processes, explanation of diagnosis and treatment, comfort to patients and families in various stages of grieving and death, and helping healthcare professionals to understand the cultural context and sensitivities unique to Haiti. This article explores key lessons learned in the use of volunteer interpreters in earthquake disaster relief in Haiti and highlights the approaches that optimize volunteer services in such a setting, and which may be applicable in similar future events.