Reactive oxygen species production and inflammatory effects of ambient PM2.5-associated metals on human lung epithelial A549 cells "one year-long study": The Delhi chapter
Reactive oxygen species production and inflammatory effects of ambient PM2.5-associated metals on human lung epithelial A549 cells "one year-long study": The Delhi chapter
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128305
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发表时间：
2021-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Kumar, Arun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Das, Ananya;Habib, Gazala;Kumar, Arun
细颗粒物（PM2.5）于2017年1月至12月在印度德里的印度理工学院校园收集。分析PM2.5样品中致癌物（Cd、Cr、As、Ni和Pb）和非致癌物（V、Cu、Zn、Fe）微量金属及其对癌上皮细胞系A549的诱导作用。采用ELISA试剂盒进行毒理学检测。对代表城市颗粒物的标准参考物质（NIST-1648a）重复相同的分析。采用student-t检验和spearman相关进行数据分析。PM2.5质量浓度和化学成分的季节性对生物结果有影响。季风后和冬季的PM2.5中微量金属含量高于季风前和季风期。随着PM质量浓度的变化趋势（p < 0.5），季风后和冬季的细胞活力明显低于其他两个季节。NIST UPM 1648(a)样品与德里PM2.5环境样品相比始终具有更高的细胞毒性。铬、镍、镉和锌与细胞活力和活性氧（ROS）产生密切相关。冬季IL-6、IL-8产量分别比季风后高2.8倍和3倍，比对照高53倍和9倍。冬季微量金属As、Cu、Fe、季候前Cr、Ni、As、Pb、V、Fe、季候后Cd、V与ROS的生成密切相关。研究发现，冬季和季风前季节的活性氧产量比严重污染的季风后季节高2.6倍和1.3倍，而季风后季节的PM2.5浓度比冬季和季风前高2至3倍。结果表明，在冬季和季风前季节，铁的存在催化了ROS的产生，可能是OH自由基引起细胞因子的大量产生，从而影响了细胞活力的降低，而在季风后PM中，主要由Pb、As、Fe和Cu组成，受光化学烟雾的影响，ROS的产生与细胞活力有显著的相关性。总的来说，在德里，呼吸系统最有毒的季节是冬季和季风后，最安全的季节是季风。(C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
The fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was collected at academic campus of Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India from January-December 2017. The PM2.5 samples were analysed for carcinogenic (Cd, Cr, As, Ni, and Pb) and non-carcinogenic (V, Cu, Zn, Fe) trace metals and their elicited effects on carcinoma epithelial cell line A549. Toxicological testing was done with ELISA kit. Same analyses were repeated for standard reference material (NIST-1648a) represents urban particulate matter. The student-t test and spearman correlation were used for data analysis.The seasonality in PM2.5 mass concentration and chemical composition showed effect on biological outcomes. The PM2.5 in post-monsoon and winter had higher amount of trace metals compared to mass collected in pre-monsoon and monsoon. Following the trend in PM mass concentration significantly (p < 0.5) lower cell viability was observed in post-monsoon and winter compared to other two seasons. NIST UPM 1648(a) samples always had higher cytotoxicity compared to ambient PM2.5 Delhi sample. Strong association of Chromium, Nickel, Cadmium, and Zinc was observed with cell viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In winter IL-6, IL-8 production were 2.8 and 3 times higher than values observed in post-monsoon and 53 and 9 times higher than control. In winter season trace metals As, Cu, Fe, in pre-monsoon Cr, Ni, As, Pb, V, and Fe, in post-monsoon Cd and V strongly correlated with ROS generation. ROS production in winter and pre-monsoon seasons found to be 2.6 and 1.3 times higher than extremely polluted post-monsoon season which had 2 to 3 times higher PM2.5 concentration compared to winter and pre-monsoon. The result clearly indicated that the presence of Fe in winter and pre-monsoon seasons catalysed the ROS production, probably OH radical caused high cytokines production which influenced the cell viability reduction, while in post-monsoon PM majorly composed of Pb, As, Fe and Cu and affected by photochemical smog formation showed significant association between ROS production with cell viability. Overall, in Delhi most toxic seasons for respiratory system are winter and post-monsoon and safest season is monsoon. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.