Triple-negative breast cancer: promising prognostic biomarkers currently in development.

Triple-negative breast cancer: promising prognostic biomarkers currently in development.
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DOI:
10.1080/14737140.2021.1840984
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发表时间:
2021-03
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Williams N
Williams N
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sukumar J;Gast K;Quiroga D;Lustberg M;Williams N

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三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)是一种侵袭性类型的乳腺癌,预后不良,治疗选择有限。需要经过验证的预后和预测性生物标志物来指导治疗决策和诊断。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了TNBC中已建立和发展的预后和预测生物标志物以及相关的新兴和批准的治疗方法。综述的生物标志物包括表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、成纤维细胞生长因子受体(FGFR)、人表皮生长因子受体2(HER 2)、雄激素受体、NOTCH信号传导、氧化应激/氧化还原信号传导、microRNA、TP 53突变、乳腺癌易感基因1或2(BRCA 1/2)突变/同源重组缺陷(HRD)、NTRK基因融合、PI 3 K/AKT/mTOR、免疫生物标志物(程序性死亡配体1(PDL 1)、肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞(TIL)、肿瘤突变负荷(TMB)、新抗原、DNA错配修复蛋白缺陷(dMMR)/微卫星高不稳定性(MSI-H))、循环肿瘤细胞/无细胞DNA、抗体-药物偶联物的新靶标和残留疾病。TNBC管理中的生物标志物驱动的护理正在增加,并有助于扩大诊断为这种亚型乳腺癌的患者的选择。研究工作正在进行中,以确定其他生物标志物和靶向治疗方案,最终目标是改善临床结局和生存率。
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive type of breast cancer associated with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Validated prognostic and predictive biomarkers are needed to guide treatment decisions and prognostication. In this review, we discuss established and developing prognostic and predictive biomarkers in TNBC and associated emerging and approved therapies. Biomarkers reviewed include epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), androgen receptor, NOTCH signaling, oxidative stress/redox signaling, microRNAs, TP53 mutation, breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 or 2 (BRCA1/2) mutation/homologous recombination deficiency (HRD), NTRK gene fusion, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, immune biomarkers (programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL1), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), tumor mutational burden (TMB), neoantigens, defects in DNA mismatch repair proteins (dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H)), circulating tumor cells/cell-free DNA, novel targets of antibody-drug conjugates, and residual disease. Biomarker-driven care in the management of TNBC is increasing and has helped expand options for patients diagnosed with this subtype of breast cancer. Research efforts are ongoing to identify additional biomarkers and targeted treatment options with the ultimate goal of improving clinical outcomes and survivorship.
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