The von Economo Neurons in Apes and Humans
The von Economo Neurons in Apes and Humans
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/ajhb.21136
复制
发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Park, Soyoung
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allman, John M.;Tetreault, Nicole A.;Park, Soyoung
Von Economo神经元(Vens)是一种大型双极神经元，位于大猩猩和人类的额岛(FI)和前扣带回皮质(ACC)，而不是其他灵长类动物。我们对FI和ACC的边缘前部(LA)的Vens进行了立体计数，发现人类的Vens比猿类的Vens更多。在人类中，静脉在怀孕后36周首次出现的数量很少，出生时很少，在出生后的前8个月内数量增加。出生后大脑的FI和LA中，右脑的Ven明显多于左脑，这可能与自主神经系统的不对称有关。包含FI的下前岛的活动与身体的生理变化、决策、错误识别和意识有关。在对FI联系的初步扩散张量成像研究中，我们发现VEN区域与额叶极以及额叶和岛叶皮质、隔膜和杏仁核的其他部分相连。Vens和一个相关的细胞群，叉状细胞，选择性地表达蛙皮素肽神经梅毒素B(NMB)和胃泌素释放肽，这是饱腹感的信号。Vens和Fork细胞的丢失可能与FI受损的额颞叶痴呆患者的饱腹感信号丢失有关。这些细胞可能是所有哺乳动物岛叶皮质中参与食欲控制的古老神经元群体的形态特化。上午好。J.嗯。比奥尔。23：5-21,2011。(C)2010年Wiley-Liss公司
The von Economo neurons (VENs) are large bipolar neurons located in frontoinsular (FI) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in great apes and humans but not other primates. We stereologically counted the VENs in FI and the limbic anterior (LA) area of ACC and found them to be more numerous in humans than in apes. In humans, VENs first appear in small numbers in the 36th week postconception are rare at birth and increase in number during the first 8 months after birth. There are significantly more VENs in the right hemisphere than the left in FI and LA in postnatal brains; this may be related to asymmetries in the autonomic nervous system. The activity of the inferior anterior insula, containing FI, is related to physiological changes in the body, decision-making, error recognition, and awareness. In a preliminary diffusion tensor imaging study of the connections of FI, we found that the VEN-containing regions connect with the frontal pole as well as with other parts of frontal and insular cortex, the septum, and the amygdala. The VENs and a related cell population, the fork cells, selectively express the bombesin peptides neuromedin B (NMB) and gastrin releasing pepide, which signal satiety. The loss of VENs and fork cells may be related to the loss of satiety signaling in patients with frontotemporal dementia who have damage to FI. These cells may be morphological specializations of an ancient population of neurons involved in the control of appetite present in the insular cortex in all mammals. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 23:5-21, 2011. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.