European Human Rights Dimension of the Online Access to Cultural Heritage in Times of the COVID-19 Outbreak
European Human Rights Dimension of the Online Access to Cultural Heritage in Times of the COVID-19 Outbreak
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DOI：
10.1007/s11196-020-09712-x
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发表时间：
2020-05-04
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Tomaszuk, Mariusz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kuzelewska, Elzbieta;Tomaszuk, Mariusz
1948年《世界人权宣言》确认，“人人有权自由参加社会的文化生活，享受艺术，并分享科学进步及其产生的利益”。因此，文化权利被认为与人权密不可分，需要特定国际（包括区域）法律的体系内的保护机制。欧洲大陆感到自豪的是，通过建立欧洲理事会和设立欧洲人权法院，发展了最有效的人权保护机制之一。最近爆发的COVID-19重新定义了许多获得人权和享受自由的可能性的概念。即使在网上获得文化（获得文化遗产）已经有很多年了，但这是全球发生封锁的时候，迫使人们呆在家里，发现自己处于一种突然在线获得文化成为获得文化的唯一方式的情况下。本文旨在分析目前的情况，在欧洲提出的问题，如果以及如何在线访问文化的承认和保护下，欧洲理事会的机制，特别强调欧洲人权法院在这一领域的判例法。
The 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights recognized that "everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits". As a result, cultural rights have been understood as inseparable from human rights and require protection mechanisms within particular international (including regional) legal systems. The European continent is proud to have developed one of the most effective mechanisms of the human rights protection by establishing the Council of Europe and adopting the European Court of Human Rights. The recent outbreak of the COVID-19 reformulated many concepts of access to human rights and possibilities to enjoy freedoms. Even if access to culture (access to cultural heritage) has been available online for many years, it is the time of globally occurring lockdowns that forced people to stay home and found themselves in a situation when all of a sudden online access to culture became the only way of access to culture. The article aims to analyze the current situation in Europe by asking questions if and how online access to culture is recognized and protected under the Council of Europe's mechanisms with special emphasis on the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights in this field.