Age-related variation in the influences of aging stereotypes on memory in adulthood
Age-related variation in the influences of aging stereotypes on memory in adulthood
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DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.21.3.621
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hinson, Joey T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hess, Thomas M.;Hinson, Joey T.
24-86 岁的成年人在记忆测试之前阅读有关衰老和记忆的正面或负面信息。这些信息对回忆表现的影响因年龄而异。最年轻和最年长参与者的表现受刻板印象激活的影响最小。 60多岁的成年人表现出与刻板印象威胁的作用一致的弱效应，而中年成年人则在记忆表现上表现出对比效应，暗示刻板印象的解除。关于衰老和记忆的信念也受到刻板印象信息的影响，老年人信念的改变在预测表现方面比单独接触基于刻板印象的信息更重要。
Adults 24-86 years of age read positive or negative information about aging and memory prior to a memory test. The impact of this information on recall performance varied with age. Performance in the youngest and oldest participants was minimally affected by stereotype activation. Adults in their 60s exhibited weak effects consistent with the operation of stereotype threat, whereas middle-age adults exhibited a contrast effect in memory performance, suggestive of stereotype lift. Beliefs about aging and memory were also affected by stereotypic information, and older adults' changed beliefs were more important in predicting performance than was exposure to stereotype-based information alone.