An operational overview of the EXport Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing (EXPORTS) Northeast Pacific field deployment
An operational overview of the EXport Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing (EXPORTS) Northeast Pacific field deployment
复制标题
DOI：
10.1525/elementa.2020.00107
复制
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
David A. Siegel;I. Cetinić;Jason R. Graff;Craig M. Lee;N. Nelson;M. Perry;I. S. Ramos;D. Steinberg-D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
David A. Siegel;I. Cetinić;Jason R. Graff;Craig M. Lee;N. Nelson;M. Perry;I. S. Ramos;D. Steinberg-D.
遥感海洋输出过程实地活动的目标是对全球海洋净初级生产的输出、归宿和碳循环影响有一个预测性的了解。为了实现这一目标，需要在一系列生态系统状态下观测输出通量路径、浮游生物群落组成、食物网过程以及光学、物理和地球化学（BGC）特性。在这里，我们介绍了2018年夏季在东北太平洋海洋站Papa的第一次EXPORTS现场部署，为本专题集中的其他论文提供背景。实验进行了两艘船：一个过程船，侧重于生态率，BGC通量，食物网的时间变化，以及BGC和光学特性，遵循仪器化的拉格朗日浮子;和一艘测量船，在过程船周围的空间模式中采样BGC和光学特性。一系列自主水下资产提供了一系列空间和时间尺度上的测量，合作方案和遥感观测提供了额外的观测背景。海洋环境是典型的夏末条件在海洋站爸爸：浅混合层，强大的垂直和弱水平梯度水文特性，缓慢的亚惯性流，常量营养素浓度升高和浮游植物丰度低。虽然营养浓度与以前的观察结果一致，混合层叶绿素低于通常观察到的，导致更深的透光区。对表层温度和盐度的分析发现了三种不同的地表水类型，从而可以诊断观察到的变化是空间的还是时间的。2018年EXPORTS现场部署是有史以来最全面的生物泵研究之一。第二次部署到北大西洋发生在2021年春季，随后将集中精力使用整个EXPORTS数据集进行数据合成和建模。
The goal of the EXport Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing (EXPORTS) field campaign is to develop a predictive understanding of the export, fate, and carbon cycle impacts of global ocean net primary production. To accomplish this goal, observations of export flux pathways, plankton community composition, food web processes, and optical, physical, and biogeochemical (BGC) properties are needed over a range of ecosystem states. Here we introduce the first EXPORTS field deployment to Ocean Station Papa in the Northeast Pacific Ocean during summer of 2018, providing context for other papers in this special collection. The experiment was conducted with two ships: a Process Ship, focused on ecological rates, BGC fluxes, temporal changes in food web, and BGC and optical properties, that followed an instrumented Lagrangian float; and a Survey Ship that sampled BGC and optical properties in spatial patterns around the Process Ship. An array of autonomous underwater assets provided measurements over a range of spatial and temporal scales, and partnering programs and remote sensing observations provided additional observational context. The oceanographic setting was typical of late-summer conditions at Ocean Station Papa: a shallow mixed layer, strong vertical and weak horizontal gradients in hydrographic properties, sluggish sub-inertial currents, elevated macronutrient concentrations and low phytoplankton abundances. Although nutrient concentrations were consistent with previous observations, mixed layer chlorophyll was lower than typically observed, resulting in a deeper euphotic zone. Analyses of surface layer temperature and salinity found three distinct surface water types, allowing for diagnosis of whether observed changes were spatial or temporal. The 2018 EXPORTS field deployment is among the most comprehensive biological pump studies ever conducted. A second deployment to the North Atlantic Ocean occurred in spring 2021, which will be followed by focused work on data synthesis and modeling using the entire EXPORTS data set.