Do dolphins rehearse show-stimuli when at rest? Delayed matching of auditory memory.
Do dolphins rehearse show-stimuli when at rest? Delayed matching of auditory memory.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00386
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Hausberger M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kremers D;Jaramillo MB;Böye M;Lemasson A;Hausberger M
动物声音模仿的机制仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。海豚科动物能够从它们的环境中复制出同种动物无法发出的声音。通常，这些模仿行为的发生与它们被学习的背景有关。没有报告解决的问题之间的分离听觉记忆的形成和自发的声乐复制，虽然在各种鸣禽声乐学习的感觉和运动相分离。在这里，我们表明，圈养的海豚生产，在他们的夜间休息期间，非海豚的声音，他们在表演节目中听到。一般来说，在半夜，这些动物会模仿鲸鱼的声音，这些声音在每天的公共节目中播放。由于它们的生活史是完全已知的，我们知道这些圈养的海豚在此之前从未有机会听到鲸鱼的声音。此外，在鲸鱼声音开始播放之前进行的录音显示，它们以前从未发出过这样的声音。据我们所知，这是海洋哺乳动物听觉记忆的形成和学习产生与这些记忆相匹配的叫声的过程之间分离的第一个证据。一种假设是，海豚可能会排练白天听到的一些特殊事件，然后用声音表达出可以被认为是更全球性的记忆。这些结果为更广泛地了解动物在休息或做梦时如何排练生活事件开辟了道路。
The mechanisms underlying vocal mimicry in animals remain an open question. Delphinidae are able to copy sounds from their environment that are not produced by conspecifics. Usually, these mimicries occur associated with the context in which they were learned. No reports address the question of separation between auditory memory formation and spontaneous vocal copying although the sensory and motor phases of vocal learning are separated in a variety of songbirds. Here we show that captive bottlenose dolphins produce, during their nighttime resting periods, non-dolphin sounds that they heard during performance shows. Generally, in the middle of the night, these animals produced vocal copies of whale sounds that had been broadcast during daily public shows. As their life history was fully known, we know that these captive dolphins had never had the opportunity to hear whale sounds before then. Moreover, recordings made before the whale sounds started being broadcast revealed that they had never emitted such sounds before. This is to our knowledge the first evidence for a separation between formation of auditory memories and the process of learning to produce calls that match these memories in a marine mammal. One hypothesis is that dolphins may rehearse some special events heard during the daytime and that they then express vocally what could be conceived as a more global memory. These results open the way for broader views on how animals might rehearse life events while resting or maybe dreaming.
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