Maternal and fetal brain and plasma levels of cocaine and benzoylecgonine after acute or chronic maternal intravenous administration of cocaine.
Maternal and fetal brain and plasma levels of cocaine and benzoylecgonine after acute or chronic maternal intravenous administration of cocaine.
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发表时间：
1994-12
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通讯作者：
S. Robinson;E. Enters;G. F. Jackson;V. Chinchilli;J. R. Maher;K. P. McDowell;H. Allen;H. Guo
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作者：
S. Robinson;E. Enters;G. F. Jackson;V. Chinchilli;J. R. Maher;K. P. McDowell;H. Allen;H. Guo
在妊娠雌性Sprague-Dawley大鼠中研究了从妊娠第8天至妊娠第18天重复静脉注射盐酸可卡因（每日1.5、3或6 mg/kg）对母体和窝仔参数的影响。这些剂量的可卡因对母体体重增加或营养摄入没有显著影响，也没有显著影响窝仔数。在妊娠第18天，在单次注射或11次每日静脉注射可卡因（6 mg/kg）后1、5、20或60 min，测量母鼠及其胎儿脑和血浆中可卡因及其代谢物苯甲酰芽子碱的水平。可卡因的时程形状在母体和胎儿之间略有不同，胎儿血浆可卡因浓度最初低于母体，然后在5分钟时与母体相当。尽管可卡因的血浆浓度很快在母体和胎儿之间达到平衡，但苯甲酰爱子碱的血浆浓度却没有达到平衡。有趣的是，可卡因的大脑浓度在母体和胎儿之间没有差异。最显著的发现是，慢性与急性给药后可卡因在脑和血浆之间的相对分布不同，重复给药后，胎儿中可卡因从血浆到脑的分布发生相对变化，但测量的最早时间点除外。
The effect of repeated i.v. administration of cocaine HCl (1.5, 3 or 6 mg/kg daily) from gestational day 8 through gestational day 18 was studied on maternal and litter parameters in the pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rat. These doses of cocaine had no significant effect on maternal weight gain or nutritional intake and did not significantly affect litter size. Levels of cocaine and its metabolite benzoylecgonine in the brain and plasma of the dams and their fetuses were measured on gestational day 18 at 1, 5, 20 or 60 min after a single injection or 11 daily i.v. injections of cocaine (6 mg/kg). The shape of the time courses for cocaine differed somewhat between dams and fetuses, with fetal plasma concentrations of cocaine initially being lower than those of their dams and then by 5 min becoming equivalent to those of their dams. Although plasma concentrations of cocaine soon equilibrated between dams and fetuses, plasma concentrations of benzoylecgonine did not. Interestingly, brain concentrations of cocaine did not differ between dams and fetuses. The most remarkable finding was that the relative distribution of cocaine between brain and plasma differed after chronic vs. acute treatment, with a relative shift in the distribution of cocaine from plasma to the brain in the fetuses, and with the exception of the earliest time point measured, in the dams after repeated dosing.