The emerging prominence of the cardiac mast cell as a potent mediator of adverse myocardial remodeling.
The emerging prominence of the cardiac mast cell as a potent mediator of adverse myocardial remodeling.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4939-1568-2_8
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Levick, Scott P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Janicki, Joseph S;Brower, Gregory L;Levick, Scott P
心脏肥大细胞储存和释放多种生物活性介质，其中一些介质与容量超载心脏中基质金属蛋白酶的激活有关，而其他介质则参与压力超载心脏中的纤维化过程。据报道，在患有扩张型心肌病的移植人类心脏以及实验诱发的高血压、心肌梗塞和慢性心脏容量超负荷的动物模型中，肥大细胞数量增加。此外，不断有证据表明心脏肥大细胞在这些心血管疾病的不良重塑中发挥着重要作用。因此，心脏肥大细胞是本章的重点，从历史背景开始，然后是其分离和表征方法、内源性促分泌剂、表型以及雌激素改变其表型以提供心脏保护的能力。最后讨论了肥大细胞在持续心脏容量超负荷、高血压和缺血性损伤继发的心肌重塑中的作用以及未来的研究方向。
Cardiac mast cells store and release a variety of biologically active mediators, several of which have been implicated in the activation of matrix metalloproteinases in the volume-overloaded heart, while others are involved in the fibrotic process in pressure-overloaded hearts. Increased numbers of mast cells have been reported in explanted human hearts with dilated cardiomyopathy and in animal models of experimentally induced hypertension, myocardial infarction, and chronic cardiac volume overload. Also, there is evolving evidence implicating the cardiac mast cell as having a major role in the adverse remodeling underlying these cardiovascular disorders. Thus, the cardiac mast cell is the focus of this chapter that begins with a historical background, followed by sections on methods for their isolation and characterization, endogenous secretagogues, phenotype, and ability of estrogen to alter their phenotype so as to provide cardioprotection. Finally the role of mast cells in myocardial remodeling secondary to a sustained cardiac volume overload, hypertension, and ischemic injury and future research directions are discussed.