Food habits of Aenictus army ants and their effects on the ant community in a rain forest of Borneo
Food habits of Aenictus army ants and their effects on the ant community in a rain forest of Borneo
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DOI：
10.1007/s000400050007
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Mohamed, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hirosawa, H;Higashi, S;Mohamed, M
在婆罗洲京那巴鲁山脚下的一片雨林中，我们观察了Aenictus laeviceps和A. gracilis的食性，并调查了A. laeviceps对整个蚂蚁群落的影响。我们分别从 7 个 A. laeviceps 和 6 个 A. gracilis 群体中分别收集了 2,360 个和 6,268 个猎物单位；蚂蚁占所有猎物单位的99.9%。主要猎物属为弓背蚁属（湿重 48.2%）、拟毛蚁属（20.8%）和多刺蚁属（15.2%），以及细蚁属中的 Technomymex（52.1%）、Paratrechina（22.4%）和 Crematogaster（11.9%）。 A. laeviceps 主要捕猎具有中小型群体的较大地面蚂蚁；相比之下，A. gracilis 经常以蚁群较大的较小树栖蚂蚁为食。在猎物蚂蚁的总湿重中，A. laeviceps 中的幼蚁占 88.7%，而 A. gracilis 中仅占 68.7%。这可能是因为A. gracilis的工蚁比A. laeviceps的行为更快，并且更频繁地捕猎成年工蚁。虽然 98.5% 的猎物单位是由单个 A. gracilis 工蚁运输的，但 71.5% 的猎物单位是由多达 20 只 A. laeviceps 工蚁运输的。在被黑蚁袭击的样方中，蚁群和物种的数量明显少于对照组。这主要是由于在垃圾下筑巢且蚁群相对较大的蚂蚁逃逸所致。大群体通常会影响早期小群体的建立和建立。
In a rain forest at the foot of Mt. Kinabalu, Borneo, we observed the food habits of Aenictus laeviceps and A. gracilis and surveyed the effects of A. laeviceps on the general ant community. We collected totals of 2,360 and 6,268 prey units, respectively, from seven A. laeviceps and six A. gracilis colonies; ants constituted 99.9% of all prey units. Dominant prey genera were Camponotus (48.2% in wet weight), Pseudolasius (20.8%), and Polyrhachis (15.2%) in A. laeviceps and Technomymex (52.1%), Paratrechina (22.4%), and Crematogaster (11.9%) in A. gracilis. A. laeviceps primarily hunted larger ground ants with small- or medium-sized colonies; in contrast, A. gracilis frequently foraged on smaller arboreal ants with larger colonies. Of the total wet weight of prey ants, brood constituted 88.7% in A. laeviceps and only 68.7% in A. gracilis. This was probably because workers of A. gracilis were quicker in behavior and hunted adult workers more frequently than A. laeviceps. While 98.5% of the prey units were transported by single workers of A. gracilis, 71.5% were carried by up to 20 A. laeviceps workers. The numbers of ant colonies and species were significantly smaller in laeviceps-raided quadrats than in controls. This was mostly due to the escape of ants that nested under litter and had relatively larger colonies. Large colonies usually influence the foundation and establishment of incipient small colonies.