Stroop tasks reveal abnormal selective attention among psychopathic offenders
Stroop tasks reveal abnormal selective attention among psychopathic offenders
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DOI：
10.1037/0894-4105.18.1.50
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Newman, JP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hiatt, KD;Schmitt, WA;Newman, JP
使用3种斯特鲁普范式对患有精神病态的罪犯的选择性注意力进行了研究：标准的颜色 - 文字（CW）斯特鲁普范式、图片 - 文字（PW）斯特鲁普范式，以及文字和颜色在空间上分离的颜色 - 文字斯特鲁普范式（分离的CW）。与“过度选择性”注意力一致，与非精神病态的罪犯相比，患有精神病态的罪犯在分离的CW和PW任务上表现出斯特鲁普干扰减少。然而，患有精神病态的罪犯在标准的CW斯特鲁普范式上表现出正常的斯特鲁普干扰。此外，患有精神病态的罪犯在分离的CW斯特鲁普范式上干扰减少的同时伴有正常的促进作用。这些研究结果表明，精神病态存在一种特定的注意力缺陷，这种缺陷阻碍了对未被注意信息的使用，这些未被注意信息（a）未与有意注意的信息整合，以及（b）与当前目标导向的行为不兼容。
Selective attention among offenders with psychopathy was investigated using 3 Stroop paradigms: a standard color-word (CW) Stroop, a picture-word (PW) Stroop, and a color word Stroop in which the word and color were spatially separated (separated CW). Consistent with "overselective" attention, offenders with psychopathy displayed reduced Stroop interference on the separated CW and PW tasks relative to offenders who were not psychopathic. However, offenders with psychopathy displayed normal Stroop interference on the standard CW Stroop. Further, the reduced interference of offenders with psychopathy on the separated CW Stroop was accompanied by normal facilitation. These findings suggest a circumscribed attentional deficit in psychopathy that hinders the use of unattended information that is (a) not integrated with deliberately attended information and (b) not compatible with current goal-directed behavior.