Assessment of schistosomiasis transmission risk after flood damage in Wuhan City.
Assessment of schistosomiasis transmission risk after flood damage in Wuhan City.
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DOI：
10.16250/j.32.1374.2018046
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发表时间：
2018-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Xu Ming-xing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wang Hao;Xiong Yue-ling;Xu Ming-xing
目的评价武汉市洪涝灾害后血吸虫病传播风险。方法采用概率比例抽样法对武汉市血吸虫病流行村进行抽样调查。对钉螺、沼泽人畜活动、血吸虫水感染性、水库宿主感染、野生粪便污染等进行了实地调查。评估I-III级风险环境并采取适当措施进行处理。结果共监测血吸虫病流行村90个，环境170个。共解剖钉螺9811只，未发现日本血吸虫感染。钉螺密度和活螺存活率均显著降低（[chi]2 = 102.517, t = 4.724， P均< 0.01）。共捕获野生粪便289份，未检出日本血吸虫卵。在水系共发现监测预报点11个，放哨鼠221只。经繁殖，哨兵鼠成活率为219只（99.10%），未检出血吸虫感染。在3个调查点放置鼠夹1 720只，共捕获黑线姬鼠66只，未发现血吸虫感染鼠。所有环境均被评为三级。同时，确定了5个血吸虫病重点控制区，实施综合控制干预措施后未发生突发事件。结论洪涝后武汉市血吸虫病传播风险较低，但潜在的流行风险不容忽视。
Objective To assess the schistosomiasis transmission risk after flood damage in Wuhan City. Methods Schistosomiasis epidemic villages in Wuhan City were selected by using probability proportional to size sampling (PPS). The field investigations of Oncomelania hupensis snails, the activity of people and cattle on marshland, water infectivity of schistosome, reservoir host infection and wild feces contamination were conducted. I-III levels of risk environments were assessed and treated with appropriate measures. Results A total of 90 schistosomiasis epidemic villages and 170 environments were monitored. Totally 9 811 snails were dissected but no Schistosoma japonicum infected snails were found. There were significant decreases in the density of snails and the survival rate of living snails after the flood ([chi]2 = 102.517, t = 4.724, both P < 0.01). Totally 289 pieces of wild feces were captured, and no eggs of S. japonicum were detected. A total of 11 surveillance and forecast sites were detected on water systems, and 221 sentinel mice were placed. After breeding, 219 sentinel mice survived (99.10%), and no schistosome infection was detected. In addition, 1 720 mouse traps were placed in 3 survey sites, and 66 Apodemus agrarius were captured, and no schistosome-infected ones were found. All of the environments were assessed as Grade III. Meanwhile, 5 key schistosomiasis control areas were determined, and no emergency happened after the implementation of comprehensive control interventions. Conclusion The risk of schistosomiasis transmission remains low in Wuhan City after the flood, but the potential epidemic risk cannot be ignored.