An invasive plant rapidly increased the similarity of soil fungal pathogen communities.
An invasive plant rapidly increased the similarity of soil fungal pathogen communities.
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DOI：
10.1093/aob/mcaa191
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发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Meiling Wang;Xuefei Tang;Xiaoqiu Sun;Bingbing Jia;Hao Xu;Suai Jiang;E. Siemann;Xinmin Lu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meiling Wang;Xuefei Tang;Xiaoqiu Sun;Bingbing Jia;Hao Xu;Suai Jiang;E. Siemann;Xinmin Lu
背景与目的植物入侵可以改变土壤微生物群落结构，并通过叶面植食作用直接或间接地影响随后的入侵。有人提出，入侵者促进统一的生物群落，取代多样的，空间可变的社区（“生物同质化假说”），但这还没有实验测试土壤微生物群落，所以潜在的机制和动力学尚不清楚。在这里，我们比较了入侵植物空心莲子草和它的本土同类A。sessilis对土壤真菌群落的影响，以及它们对植物和叶甲虫的反馈作用。方法：我们进行了植物-土壤反馈（PSF）实验和实验室生物测定，以检查与本地和入侵植物和以它们为食的甲虫相关的PSF。我们还使用高通量测序表征了土壤真菌群落。关键结果我们发现局部分化的土壤真菌病原体聚集与本地植物无柄莲子草的高密度相关，但与入侵同类物A相关的真菌病原体聚集变化不大。喜旱莲子草，无论植物密度。与此相反，AM真菌组合与高密度的入侵植物更易变。土壤生物减少了植物的地上部质量，但它们的影响是微弱的入侵植物生长在本地植物调理土壤。PSFs增加幼虫生物量的甲虫饲养的本地植物的叶子上。此外，PSFs的植物地上部，根和甲虫质量预测不同的病原类群在植物种特异性的方式。结论我们的研究结果表明，植物入侵可以迅速增加土壤病原菌组合的相似性，即使在低植物密度导致分类和功能均匀的土壤群落，可能会限制负面的土壤影响入侵植物。
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Plant invasions can change soil microbial communities and affect subsequent invasions directly or indirectly via foliar herbivory. It has been proposed that invaders promote uniform biotic communities that displace diverse, spatially variable communities ("Biotic Homogenization Hypothesis"), but this has not been experimentally tested for soil microbial communities, so the underlying mechanisms and dynamics are unclear. Here, we compared density-dependent impacts of the invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides and its native congener A. sessilis on soil fungal communities, and their feedback effects on plants and a foliar beetle. METHODS We conducted a plant-soil feedback (PSF) experiment and a lab bioassay to examine PSFs associated with the native and invasive plants and a beetle feeding on them. We also characterized the soil fungal community using high-throughput sequencing. KEY RESULTS We found locally differentiated soil fungal pathogen assemblages associated with high densities of the native plant Alternanthera sessilis but little variation in those associated with the invasive congener A. philoxeroides, regardless of plant density. In contrast, AM fungal assemblages associated with high densities of the invasive plant were more variable. Soil biota decreased plant shoot mass but their effect was weak for the invasive plant growing in native plant conditioned soils. PSFs increased the larval biomass of a beetle reared on leaves of the native plant only. Moreover, PSFs on plant shoot, root and beetle mass were predicted by different pathogen taxa in a plant species-specific manner. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that plant invasions can rapidly increase the similarity of soil pathogen assemblages even at low plant densities leading to taxonomically and functionally homogeneous soil communities that may limit negative soil effects on invasive plants.