Historical changes in northeastern US bee pollinators related to shared ecological traits
Historical changes in northeastern US bee pollinators related to shared ecological traits
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1218503110
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发表时间：
2013-03-19
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Winfree, Rachael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bartomeus, Ignasi;Ascher, John S.;Winfree, Rachael
蜜蜂等传粉媒介对于陆地生态系统的运作至关重要。然而，尽管人们担心全球授粉媒介危机，但有关蜜蜂物种状况的长期数据仍然有限。我们基于代表 438 个物种的超过 30,000 条博物馆记录，对美国东北部整个区域蜜蜂动物群的相对变化率进行了长期研究。在 140 年的时间里，本地物种总体丰富度略有下降，但仅熊属物种丰富度下降显着。在单独分析的 187 个本土物种中，只有 3 个急剧下降，所有这些物种都属于熊熊属。然而，群落组成发生了巨大变化，56% 的物种随着时间的推移表现出相对丰度的显着变化。与相对丰度下降相关的特征包括饮食和物候宽度较小以及体型较大。此外，纬度范围较低的物种的相对丰度正在增加，这一发现可能代表了对气候变化的反应。我们发现，尽管人口密度显着增加，人为土地利用发生巨大变化，但除了熊熊属之外，本土物种丰富度总体下降幅度不大。与此同时，我们发现某些生态特征与相对丰度的下降有关。这些结果应有助于将保护工作的重点放在维持本地蜜蜂的丰度和多样性，以及它们提供的重要生态系统服务上。
Pollinators such as bees are essential to the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. However, despite concerns about a global pollinator crisis, long-term data on the status of bee species are limited. We present a long-term study of relative rates of change for an entire regional bee fauna in the northeastern United States, based on >30,000 museum records representing 438 species. Over a 140-y period, aggregate native species richness weakly decreased, but richness declines were significant only for the genus Bombus. Of 187 native species analyzed individually, only three declined steeply, all of these in the genus Bombus. However, there were large shifts in community composition, as indicated by 56% of species showing significant changes in relative abundance over time. Traits associated with a declining relative abundance include small dietary and phenological breadth and large body size. In addition, species with lower latitudinal range boundaries are increasing in relative abundance, a finding that may represent a response to climate change. We show that despite marked increases in human population density and large changes in anthropogenic land use, aggregate native species richness declines were modest outside of the genus Bombus. At the same time, we find that certain ecological traits are associated with declines in relative abundance. These results should help target conservation efforts focused on maintaining native bee abundance and diversity and therefore the important ecosystems services that they provide.