Perceived benefit and mental health after three types of disaster.
Perceived benefit and mental health after three types of disaster.
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DOI：
10.1037//0022-006x.65.5.733
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发表时间：
1997-10
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
McMillen Jc;Smith Em;Fisher Rh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McMillen Jc;Smith Em;Fisher Rh
对创伤事件后的成长和感知益处的研究被誉为压力研究最有前途的方向之一。然而，这项研究受到了一些方法上的限制。这些局限性在这项前瞻性研究中得到了解决，该研究考察了3种不同类型的灾难后的感知益处和心理健康调整。在佛罗里达的麦迪逊龙卷风中幸存者的感知受益率最高，其次是德克萨斯州基林大屠杀的幸存者和印第安纳州飞机失事的幸存者。灾后4-6周感知受益预测3年后创伤后应激障碍。感知的利益调节的影响，灾难暴露的严重程度，心理健康诊断的变化随着时间的推移。在没有感知到益处的情况下，随着暴露严重程度的增加，恢复量减少。如果认为有益，则随着暴露严重程度的增加，恢复量增加。对临床干预和未来研究的意义进行了讨论。
The study of growth and perceived benefit after traumatic events has been hailed as one of the most promising directions for stress research. This research, however, has been limited by several methodological limitations. These limitations are addressed in this prospective study, which examines perceived benefit and mental health adjustment after 3 different types of disaster. Survivors of a tornado in Madison, Florida, had the highest rates of perceived benefit, followed by survivors of a mass killing in Killeen, Texas, and survivors of a plane crash in Indianapolis, Indiana. Perceived benefit 4-6 weeks postdisaster predicted posttraumatic stress disorder 3 years later. Perceived benefit moderated the effect of severity of disaster exposure on mental health diagnosis change over time. Without perceived benefit, as exposure severity increased, the amount of recovery decreased. If benefit was perceived, as exposure severity increased, the amount of recovery increased. Implications for clinical interventions and future research are discussed.