Thermoregulatory changes by hypoxia: lessons from the paramecium.
Thermoregulatory changes by hypoxia: lessons from the paramecium.
复制标题
缺氧引起的体温调节变化：草履虫的教训。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1440-1681.1998.tb02198.x
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Malvin,GM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Malvin,GM
1.在从副哺乳动物到哺乳动物的生物体中，缺氧可以调节体温（Tb）的降低。Tb的减少是对缺氧的重要适应，主要是因为当氧气供应有限时，Tb降低了代谢率，从而有利于生存.虽然这种有益的反应在分类群中非常普遍，但很少有人知道介导缺氧诱导的Tb减少的细胞机制。这在很大程度上是由于脊椎动物体温调节系统的极端复杂性。单细胞草履虫的体温调节系统比脊椎动物简单得多，但它对缺氧的反应相似。研究已经探索了缺氧诱导的Th减少的功能重要性。此外，已经评估了缺氧诱导的Tb减少中的一些可能的介质和信号通路。在草履虫中，低氧似乎通过抑制氧化磷酸化来发挥其体温调节作用。细胞内[ATP]和pH值的降低可能是重要的中间信号。此外，内源性阿片系统似乎有助于介导缺氧诱导的体温调节行为变化。
1. In organisms ranging from paramecia to mammals, hypoxia elicits a regulated decrease in body temperature (Tb). A decrease in Tb is an important adaptation to hypoxia primarily because it lowers metabolic rate when oxygen supply is limited, thus facilitating survival.2. Although this beneficial response is extremely widespread among taxa, little is known of the cellular mechanisms that mediate hypoxia‐induced decreases in Tb. This is due, in large part, to the extreme complexity of vertebrate thermoregulatory systems.3. The thermoregulatory system of the unicellular paramecium is much simpler than that of vertebrates, yet it responds similarly to hypoxia. Research has explored the functional importance of hypoxia‐induced decreases in Th. In addition, a number of possible mediators and signalling pathways in hypoxia‐induced reductions in Tb have been assessed.4. InParamecium caudatum, hypoxia appears to exert its thermoregulatory effects by inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation. Decreases in intracellular [ATP] and pH may be important intermediate signals. In addition, an endogenous opioid system appears to help mediate hypoxia‐induced changes in thermoregulatory behaviour.