The complexity of the local Hamiltonian problem
The complexity of the local Hamiltonian problem
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DOI:
10.1137/s0097539704445226
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发表时间:
2006-01-01
影响因子:
1.6
通讯作者:
Regev, O
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kempe, J;Kitaev, A;Regev, O
The center dot-LOCAL HAMILTONIAN problem is a natural complete problem for the complexity class QMA, the quantum analogue of NP. It is similar in spirit to MAX-center dot-SAT, which is NP-complete for center dot >= 2. It was known that the problem is QMA-complete for any center dot >= 3. On the other hand, 1-LOCAL HAMILTONIAN is in P and hence not believed to be QMA-complete. The complexity of the 2-LOCAL HAMILTONIAN problem has long been outstanding. Here we settle the question and show that it is QMA-complete. We provide two independent proofs; our first proof uses only elementary linear algebra. Our second proof uses a powerful technique for analyzing the sum of two Hamiltonians; this technique is based on perturbation theory and we believe that it might prove useful elsewhere. Using our techniques we also show that adiabatic computation with 2-local interactions on qubits is equivalent to standard quantum computation.