Rural abandoned landscapes and bird assemblages: winners and losers in the rewilding of a marginal mountain area (NW Spain)
Rural abandoned landscapes and bird assemblages: winners and losers in the rewilding of a marginal mountain area (NW Spain)
复制标题
农村废弃景观和鸟类群落：边缘山区重建中的赢家和输家（西班牙西北部）
DOI：
10.1007/s10113-014-0740-7
复制
发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
X. Pons
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Regos;J. Domínguez;Asunción Gil;L. Brotóns;M. Ninyerola;X. Pons
在欧洲许多地区，大规模的社会经济变化导致人们放弃了农村活动，自然植被逐渐被取代。重要的是评估土地放弃对低密度耕作在社会或经济上不再可行的特定地区的相对积极和消极影响，以便量化作为一项土地使用管理政策的野化的潜在养护成本和效益。在2000-2010年期间，我们研究了土地利用/土地覆盖变化在一个废弃的山区景观（加利西亚，西班牙西北部），并评估繁殖鸟类的发生和分布的影响。为此，我们分析了遥感数据衍生的地图，结合从鸟类普查中获得的数据在2000年和2010年进行的景观和普查地块规模。结果表明，从裸地和疏灌丛到疏灌丛和林地，植被的变化是有梯度的。13种灌木林和森林鸟类（包括海龟鸠、达特福德莺和西博内利莺等受保护物种）的数量显著增加，而4种生态交错带和开放生境物种（如红背伯劳）的数量则呈显著下降趋势。总之，野化似乎对生物多样性产生了总体积极影响，决策者应将其视为边缘山区的替代土地使用战略，特别是在这些地区历史上曾受到野火影响的情况下。火灾管理的目的是有利于创造小烧毁的地区在逐渐封闭的景观来自重新野化，可能是一个补充的替代办法，以保持开放的栖息地在这些地区。
In many regions of Europe, large-scale socio-economic changes have led to the abandonment of rural activities and a gradual takeover of natural vegetation. It is important to assess the relative positive and negative effects of land abandonment on particular areas where the low-intensity farming is no longer socially or economically viable in order to quantify the potential conservation costs and benefits of a rewilding as a land-use management policy. During the period 2000–2010, we studied the land-use/land-cover changes in an abandoned mountain landscape (Galicia, NW Spain) and evaluated the effects on breeding bird occurrence and distribution. For this purpose, we analysed remotely sensed data-derived maps in combination with data obtained from bird censuses carried out in 2000 and 2010 at both landscape and census plot scale. The results revealed a gradient of change from bare ground and open shrubland to closed shrubland and woodland. Thirteen shrubland and forest bird species showed a significant increase (including species of conservation concern such as Turtle Dove, Dartford Warbler and Western Bonelli’s Warbler), while four ecotone and open-habitat species (e.g. Red-backed Shrike) showed a significant negative trend. In conclusion, rewilding appears to have overall positive effects on biodiversity and should be considered by policy makers as alternative land-use strategy in marginal mountain areas, particularly if they have been historically affected by wildfires. Fire management aimed at favouring the creation of small burned areas in progressively closed landscapes derived from rewilding may be a complementary alternative to maintain open habitats in these areas.