Wild cherry (Prunus avium (L.) L.) leaf shape and size variations in natural populations at different elevations
Wild cherry (Prunus avium (L.) L.) leaf shape and size variations in natural populations at different elevations
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DOI：
10.1007/s00035-019-00227-1
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Stojnic, Srdan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miljkovic, Danijela;Stefanovic, Milena;Stojnic, Srdan
首次对巴尔干中部地区（波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那）不同海拔点（230 至 1177 米）的 Prunus avium (L.) L. 自然种群的叶形变化和发育不稳定性进行了研究。高于海平面。应用几何形态测量工具来评估叶片形状和大小的变异性，同时使用波动不对称叶片指数作为叶片发育不稳定性的衡量标准。根据形状变异对称分量的典型变量分析和质心大小方差的层次分析结果，研究群体可以部分分化为三组。通过两块偏最小二乘分析估计，叶子形状（形状和大小）与气候变量之间的协变显着。气候变量（五月降水量和德马通干旱指数之和）主要影响叶子的形状和大小。位于最高海拔的种群的不对称叶子指数波动最高，这表明发育不稳定。所有研究的叶子性状（叶子形状、质心大小、波动不对称性叶子指数、叶面积、叶子长度和宽度、叶柄长度）都观察到高度自然变异和群体间差异。根据先前的研究，对于众所周知的传统形态测量（叶面积、叶长、叶宽和叶柄长度），群体内变异性大于群体间变异性。对于质心大小和波动不对称叶指数（几何形态测量中使用的测量），种群之间的变异性高于种群内的变异性。这表明几何形态测量可以为特定下变异性提供新的见解。
Leaf shape variations and developmental instability were examined for the first time in natural populations of Prunus avium (L.) L. in the central Balkan region (Bosnia and Herzegovina) at different elevational points, from 230 to 1177 m. above sea level. Geometric morphometric tools were applied to assess the variability of leaf shapes and sizes, while a fluctuating asymmetry leaf index was used as a measure of leaf developmental instability. According to the results of canonical variate analysis for the symmetric component of shape variation and hierarchical analysis of variance for centroid size, the studied populations could be partially differentiated into three groups. The co-variation between leaf form (shape and size) and climate variables was significant, estimated by two-block partial least square analysis. Climate variables (the sum of precipitation in May and the De Martonne aridity index) mostly influenced leaf shape and size. A population situated at the highest elevation had the highest value for fluctuating asymmetry leaf index, which was an indication of developmental instability. High natural variability and interpopulation differences were observed for all studied leaf traits (leaf shape, centroid size, fluctuating asymmetry leaf index, leaf area, leaf length and width, petiole length). For well-known traditional morphometric measures (leaf area, leaf length, leaf width, and petiole length) in accordance with previous studies, intrapopulation variability was greater than interpopulation variability. For centroid size and the fluctuating asymmetry leaf index (measures used in geometric morphometrics) variability was higher among populations than within them. This indicates that geometric morphometrics could give new insights into infra-specific variability.