Morphological Diversification under High Integration in a Hyper Diverse Mammal Clade
Morphological Diversification under High Integration in a Hyper Diverse Mammal Clade
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s10914-019-09472-x
复制
发表时间：
2020-09-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Dumont, Elizabeth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hedrick, Brandon P.;Mutumi, Gregory L.;Dumont, Elizabeth
多样性和适应性辐射与可进化性有关，而可进化性又与形态整合有关。紧密结合的结构通常是一致发展的，而松散结合的结构则是各自发展的。因此，高度整合的结构被认为通过限制形态差异来限制进化变化。越来越多的证据表明，高度整合可能会促进沿着单一轨迹的进化变化。我们使用几何形态计量学比较颅骨的差距和集成之间的phyllostomid蝙蝠，表现出最大的饮食多样性的任何哺乳动物家庭-和他们的姐妹类群内的超家族Noctilionoidea。我们的研究结果表明，phyllostomids更紧密地集成，并有较少的差距，在颅形状比他们的外群，尽管表现出十倍更高的物种丰富度和显着增加的物种形成率。Phyllostomid颅形态似乎已经偏离了其他Aromtilitilatis进化沿着一个单一的轴的形态变化，描述了喙的相对长度。我们建议，phyllostomids能够通过不同的喙长，可能沿着最小的进化阻力线进化，以占据广泛的饮食生态位。这项研究提供了一个令人信服的经验的例子，如何增加整合可以导致适应，这意味着高和低整合可以在适应性辐射的不同表型的基础。
Diversification and adaptive radiations are tied to evolvability, which in turn is linked to morphological integration. Tightly integrated structures typically evolve in unison, whereas loosely integrated structures evolve separately. Highly integrated structures are therefore thought to constrain evolutionary change by limiting morphological disparity. Mounting evidence suggests that high integration may facilitate evolutionary change along a single trajectory. We used geometric morphometrics to compare cranial disparity and integration among phyllostomid bats-which exhibit the greatest dietary diversity of any mammalian family- and their sister taxa within the superfamily Noctilionoidea. Our results reveal that phyllostomids are more tightly integrated and have less disparity in cranial shape than their outgroups, despite exhibiting tenfold higher species richness and significantly increased rates of speciation. Phyllostomid cranial morphology appears to have diverged from that of other noctilionoids by evolving along a single axis of morphological variation that describes the relative length of the rostrum. We propose that phyllostomids were able to evolve to occupy a wide range of dietary niches by varying rostrum length, possibly along a line of least evolutionary resistance. This study provides a compelling empirical example of how increased integration can lead to adaptation, implying that both high and low integration can underlie diverse phenotypes in adaptive radiation.